英语翻译Precursory deformation and the final initiation of such

英语翻译
Precursory deformation and the final initiation of such events are rarely witnessed,nor is the subsequent failure if a natural dam formed.This study reports on both of these aspects and also describes the subsequent geomorphic impact of the breach event.
Methodology
Two site visits to Bhutan were undertaken to the Tsatichhu rock-avalanche deposit and downstream region,one 7 months after the landslide occurred and another 3 months after the resulting land-slide dam failed catastrophically.In addition,interpretation of stereo aerial photographs (1999) and topographic maps obtained from the Royal Government of Bhutan,and Landsat 7 ETM+ (Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF),University of Maryland) images draped over a 90 m SRTM DEM (USGS,reprocessed by GLFC) with SRTM data holes filled using VTBuilder (Virtual Terrain Project,version 2004) was carried out.A terrestrial laser scanner survey (TLS) was under-taken at several locations to enable geometry and volumetrics to be constrained,especially where access to features of geomorphic im-portance was limited or impossible.The technique uses a laser time-of-flight,line-of-sight,reflectorless total station that allows rapid collection of 3D point data that can be surfaced to allow topologi-cal context.The technique and its applicability and limitations are discussed further in Rosser et al.(2005).
Study region
The study area is the Jarrey Geog region,Lhuentse,eastern Bhutan (Figs.1and2).The are aconsists of comparatively steeps lopes formed from schists and gneisses overlain by sub-tropically weathered soils and colluviums.The slopes are generally densely vegetated,withpri-mary forest dominating along with subsistence agriculture in the val-ley bottoms where gradient allows.Thestudy is within the Tsatichuu River,a north–easterly flowing tributary of the Wabrangchhu River that feeds into theKurichhu river,one of the principal rivers of Bhutan that hosts one of Bhutans largest HEP stations.The Kurichhu River is antecendent,with a source high on the Tibetan plateau.It flows southwards through the high Himalaya within a deeply incised,steep gorge.Further south,it passes through the southern mountains and gorges region of Bhutan (Norbu et al.2003a) before flowing onto the Assam plane of India(Fig.2).

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