英语翻译Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolutio

英语翻译
Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with,a goal of losing weight.However,setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.
To reach our goal of losing weight --- the output,we need to control what we eat --- the input ( 输入).That is,we tend to care about the output but not to control the input.This is a bad way to construce goals.The alternative is to focus your resolution on the input.Instead of resolving to lose weight,try an actionable resolution:“I’ll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I’ll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.
Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) ,including in education,has been discussed.For example,researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school.In some cases,he gave students incentives based on input,like reading certain books,while in others,the incentives were based on output,like results on exams.His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output.Fryer’s conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not knoe how to do better on exam,aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books,on the other hand,is a well-set task over which they have much more control.
As long as you have direct control over your goal,you have a much higher chance of success.And it’s easier to start again if you fail,because you know exactly what you need to do.
If you want to cut down on your spending,a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe,for example.This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily.Spending less money isn’t a goal because it’s too general.Similarly,if you want to spend more time with your family,don’t stop with this general wish.Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to,like a family movie night every Wednesday.
In the long run,these new goals could become a habit.

很多美国人在2014年开始下定决心减肥,就现在2013年开始的那样.然而,将减肥作为一个目标是一个错误.要达到我们的目标——输出,我们需要控制我们吃的东西——输入,关键是,我们趋向于关心输出但是没有控制输入,这是一个坏的方式去实现目标.选择是去集中你的决心在输出,而不是决心去减肥,尝试一个可行性的决心,我将停止中午吃甜食,或者我将每天散步20分钟.创造一个集中在输入的目标比一个集中经理在输出的目标更有效.
最近一个新的科学在激励背后,包括教育,已经被讨论.例如,调查人员RF想去看什么东西能后激励孩子在学校里做的更好,一些案例中,他给孩子已输入为中心的激励,像读确定的书,然而其他孩子,激励以输出为中心,像考试的成绩.它的主要发现是已输入为中心的激励是孩子有成就但是以输出为中心的没用,他的结论是已输入为中心可能更加有效因为不知道怎样去在考试中做得更好,离开普遍规则像“刻苦学习”,读一定的书,在另一方面,是一个好实行的任务并且更加容易控制.
只要你已经开始掌控你的目标,你将有更大的成功机会.并且容易重头再来如果你失败了,因为你知道你究竟需要做些什么.
如果你想去减少你的支出,一个好的目标可以比如在家做早茶而不是去咖啡店,例如.这是一个非常可行性的目标你可以容易的测量你的成功.花费少的钱不是一个目标因为这太普遍了.同样的,如果你想用更多的时间去陪你的家人,不要停止这一个普通的愿望,想象一个可行性的习惯亦可以采纳并且坚持下来,像一个在每周三的家庭电影.
从长远看,这些新目标将变成习惯.
完全,边翻译边打字.
有点匆促,可能不流畅通顺.