英语逗号问题the report,published in the AMA,was based on the resea

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英语逗号问题
the report,published in the AMA,was based on the researcher's own earlier research.第一个逗号后面的published 为什么不是was published 是逗号的原因吗?第二个逗号呢?
published不是动词是什么，

这个句子涵盖了“非限制性定语从句”与“过去分词短语做后置定语”两个语法现象.全句展开后=the report ,which was published in the AMA,was based on the researcher's own earlier research.即一个含有“非限制性定语从句”的句子,而“非限制性定语从句”要求用逗号与所修饰词/先行词隔开.你提供的句子是将which was省略了,使之由原本的“非限制性定语从句”转变成了“过去分词短语做后置定语”.他们的句法作用是相同的-定语,只是表现形式不同罢了.
学习英文语法,首先要记住常用的名词术语,比如上边提到的：非限制性定语从句、过去分词短语（包含“过去分词”、“短语”两个概念）、后置定语、先行词、句法作用（即在句中的成分）等等.否则理解起来会有难度.

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