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英语翻译先生曰:”吁!子来前!该段翻译

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/05/13 13:57:20
英语翻译
先生曰:”吁!子来前!
该段翻译
先生曰:「吁!子来前.夫大木为〔(上)亡(下)木〕,细木为桷.〔木薄〕栌侏儒,〔木畏〕〔(外)门(内)臬〕〔(上)户(下)占〕楔,各得其宜,施以成室者,匠氏之工也.玉札、丹砂,赤箭、青芝,牛溲,马勃,败鼓之皮,俱收并蓄,待用无遗者,医师之良也.登明选公,杂进巧拙,纡余为妍,卓荦为杰,校短量长,惟器是适者,宰相之方也.昔者孟轲好辩,孔道以明.辙环天下,卒老于行.荀卿守正,大论是弘.逃谗于楚,废死兰陵.是二儒者,吐辞为经,举足为法.绝类离伦,优入圣域,其遇于世何如也?
今先生学虽勤而不繇其统,言虽多而不要其中.文虽奇而不济于用,行虽修而不显于众.犹且月费俸钱,岁糜廪粟.子不知耕,妇不知织.乘马从徒,安坐而食.踵常途之促促,窥陈编以盗窃.然而圣主不加诛,宰臣不见斥,兹非其幸欤?动而得谤,名亦随之.投闲置散,乃分之宜.若夫商财贿之有亡,计班资之崇庳.忘己量之所称,指前人之瑕疵.是所谓诘匠氏之不以〔木弋〕为楹,而訾医师以昌阳引年,欲进其〔豕希〕苓也.」
Here is my answer for him: “Alas! Please step forward! A big wood can be used as a girder, a thin wood can be used as a square rafter, a small wood can be used as a pendentive, a stout wood can be used as a door-hinge pit, and a wedge can be used as a door bar. If a craftsman can make good uses of these different parts on a timber and build a house, he will be considered a proficient one. If a person can collect jade-colored strips, cinnabars, red bamboos, green sacred grass, the urine of an ox, the sperms of a horse, and the skin of a broken drum, and make good use of them all, he will be considered a good doctor. Wise people will be selected as high-ranking officials no matter they are skillful or clumsy. Graceful people will be considered beautiful, and the sturdy ones will be considered heroic. A prime minister's principle is to compare people’s gifts and weaknesses, and select those that are the most suitable. In the past, Meng Ke enjoyed arguing with people, and Confucius enjoyed giving people instructions. The track of his carriage was seen all over the country, and he was still traveling when he breathed his last. Xun Qing was a virtuous person, and his philosophy was broad and deep. But later he fled to the kingdom Chu to escape from slanders, and died in Lanling. These two stately persons were so elegant, authoritative and extraordinary that they were considered saints. But why is it that their destinies were so tragic? Though I am diligent and industrious, I do not understand the principles. Though I talk a lot I cannot tell the essences. Though my articles are innovative they are not useful. Though my behaviors are elegant I am not extraordinary. Every month I will use up my salary, and each year I will eat up the corns in my granary. My sons do not know how to cultivate, and my wife does not know how to weave. When they travel they will sit in carriages, and when they have dinner they will sit unbothered. A normal journey will appear to be too long and tiring for them. They will look for houses whose bolts are old and rotten so that they can steal things out. However, a wise ruler will not punish them, and a competent official will not rebuke them. How lucky they are! But once a person initiates to do anything, he will be slandered, and the notoriety will follow him; whereas if he is at leisure, people will find him peaceful. As for people who badger with the amount of their salaries and the ranking of their positions and forget about their own capabilities and incapability but condemn the injustice of their seniors, they are like the idiot who asks a carpenter to use a peg stake as the beam column and who asks a doctor to preserve the lives of his patients with cathartics instead of tonics!”
国子先生说:“唉,你到前面来啊!要知道那些大的木材做屋梁,小的木材做瓦椽,做斗栱,短椽的,做门臼、门橛、门闩、门柱的,都量材使用,各适其宜而建成房屋,这是工匠的技巧啊.贵重的地榆、朱砂,天麻、龙芝,牛尿、马屁菌,坏鼓的皮,全都收集,储藏齐备,等到需用的时候就没有遗缺的,这是医师的高明啊.提拔人材,公正贤明,选用人材,态度公正.灵巧的人和朴质的人都得引进,有的人谦和而成为美好,有的人豪放而成为杰出,比较各人的短处,衡量各人长处,按照他们的才能品格分配适当的职务,这是宰相的方法啊!从前孟轲爱好辩论,孔子之道得以阐明,他游历的车迹周遍天下,最后在奔走中老去.荀况恪守正道,发扬光大宏伟的理论,因为逃避谗言到了楚国,还是丢官而死在兰陵.这两位大儒,说出话来成为经典,一举一动成为法则,远远超越常人,优异到进入圣人的境界,可是他们在世上的遭遇是怎样呢?现在你们的先生学习虽然勤劳却不能顺手道统,言论虽然不少却不切合要旨,文章虽然写得出奇却无益于实用,行为虽然有修养却并没有突出于一般人的表现,尚且每月浪费国家的俸钱,每年消耗仓库里的粮食;儿子不懂得耕地,妻子不懂得织布;出门乘着车马,后面跟着仆人,安安稳稳地坐着吃饭.局局促促地按常规行事,眼光狭窄地在旧书里盗窃陈言,东抄西袭.然而圣明的君主不加处罚,也没有被宰相大臣所斥逐,岂不是幸运么?有所举动就遭到毁谤,名誉也跟着受到影响.被放置在闲散的位置上,实在是恰如其份的.至于商量财物的有无,计较品级的高低,忘记了自己有多大才能、多少份量和什么相称,指摘官长上司的缺点,这就等于所说的责问工匠的为什么不用小木桩做柱子,批评医师的用菖蒲延年益寿,却想引进他的猪苓啊.