英语翻译Regions in California have recently set jobs-housing bal

英语翻译
Regions in California have recently set jobs-housing balance targets,to relieve traffic congestion and improve air quality.Critics of such targets charge that many factors prevent people from living near their workplaces,and that market forces,left unobstructed,work to produce balance-that is,people and firms co-locate to reduce imbalances.This article examines changes in the ratios of jobs to employed residents in 23 large San Francisco Bay Area cities during the 1980s.Imbalances were found to have declined generally,mainly because dormitory communities in 1980 had attracted businesses by 1990.However,imbalances generally worsened in job-surplus cities,particularly in the Silicon Valley.The research also reveals little association between jobs-housing balance and self-containment.Several Bay Area cities are nearly perfectly balanced,yet fewer than a third of their workers reside locally,and even smaller shares of residents work locally.Restricted housing production,especially in fast-growing cities,has in many instances raised housing prices,displacing workers and increasing average commute distances.Eliminating barriers to residential mobility and housing production would allow more housing and jobs to co-locate in the future.
In a 1989 JAPA article,I proposed jobs-housing balance as a strategy for reducing peak-period traffic congestion and air pollution in American cities.No one really disputes the proposition that having more people closer to their jobs will reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT),freeway traffic,and tailpipe emissions.Whether jobs-housing balance is achievable,and if so,whether planning interventions or market forces are best suited for bringing about that balance,however,are still hotly debated.

最近加利福尼亚地区jobs-housing平衡目标,以便缓解交通拥挤和改善空气质量.这一目标的批评者指责说,许多因素阻止人们住在自己的工作场所,市场力量,左通畅,工作产生balance-that就是,人们和公司co-locate减少不平衡.本文探讨工作的比值的变化在23个大指受雇居民旧金山海湾地区城市在80年代.不平衡被发现有下降,主要是因为宿舍社区通常在1980年吸引了企业的1990年.然而,在job-surplus城市不平衡一般恶化,尤其是在硅谷.这项研究还揭示了之间的关系不大,jobs-housing平衡和self-containment.几个海湾地区的城市近完美平衡的,然而只有不到三分之一的工人居住在当地,甚至小本地居民的工作的股票.限制的住宅生产,特别是在迅速发展的城市,已经在许多情况下,提高了房价上涨,取代工人和平均增加通勤的距离.住宅流动性和消除障碍住宅生产将允许更多的住房co-locate工作和今后的发展前景.
在1989年,我建议jobs-housing一篇文章作为一种战略平衡为减少交通拥挤和peak-period美国城市空气污染.没有人真的会有更多的主张人们更靠近他们的工作将降低车辆行驶路程(及),高速公路交通,排气管排放.jobs-housing是否平衡是可以实现的,如果真是这样的话,不论是计划干预或市场力量最适合于带来平衡,然而,仍然激烈的辩论.