英语翻译Understanding inclusion for disabled children and their

英语翻译
Understanding inclusion for disabled children and their families
When examining research literature concerning the experience of disability in childhood it is important to be aware of the different approaches to that experience.A
predominant approach has placed impairment related concerns at the centre,which has often led to a focus on biological vulnerability,‘developmental delay’,and dependency.This can be implicated in exclusionary discourses e.g.of ‘personal tragedy’ that can reduce expectations and increase feelings of dependency for parents and children and can reinforce negative attitudes implicated in exclusion.The focus of this review is policy and service responses to socially imposed barriers to participation and inclusion for disabled children and their immediate family members.
Ensuring the protection of human rights and access to entitlements for disabled children involves an understanding of the complexity of the individual and family experiences of impairment and disability in social (including socio-economic) context.
Material family resources and implications for inclusion
Barriers to parental economic participation and difficulties faced in housing are core to understanding the problems faced by families that include a disabled child.Tackling child poverty continues to be central in government initiatives to improve health and welfare outcomes for children.The financial circumstances of disabled children’s families has arguably been relatively marginal to policy debate about their social exclusion and inclusion,with financial responses to exclusion subsumed in responses to child poverty which tend to stress parental work as a route to inclusion.There is convincing evidence that families which include a disabled child are more likely to be marginalised economically:this may be for a number of reasons including:
• parental ability to access to work (e.g.availability of appropriate and affordable childcare);
• difficulties when employers fail to recognise parental responsibilities;
• impairment and disability related costs;
• information on,access to,and stability and adequacy of benefits.

理解包含对残疾儿童和他们的家人
当考察研究文献中关于残疾儿童的经验是非常重要的意识到的不同方法,经验.一个
　　占主导地位的方法已将障碍相关的关系置于中心地位,它往往会导致一个专注于生物易感性,“发育延迟和依赖关系.这可能牵涉到排他性的话语如“个人悲剧”,可以降低预期,增加感情对于父母和孩子的依赖,并能助长消极态度与排斥.本文的重点是政策和服务响应社会强加的壁垒参与,并包含对残疾儿童及其家人.确保保护人权和访问残疾儿童福利是要了解复杂的个人和家庭的经历和残疾的损害社会(包括社会经济)的背景下.材料家族资源和影响包容,父母经济参与度和障碍面临的困难在住房核心了解所面临的问题,包括残疾儿童的家庭.解决儿童贫困仍然是中央政府的行动以改善健康和福利子女的福祉.金融环境的残疾儿童的家庭可能已成为相对的边缘政策辩论他们的社会排斥和包容,金融应对排斥反应的过程中,儿童贫困这往往强调父母的工作作为一个路由到包容.有令人信服的证据,包括一个残疾儿童的家庭,这更有可能在经济上被边缘化:这可能是有多方面的原因包括:父母能够访问•工作(例如获得合适的和负担得起的托儿所);当雇主•困难无法认识到父母的责任.障碍和残疾相关的成本;信息,访问,稳定和充足的好处.