英语翻译因为在线翻译的都比较差,In the foregoing,we have assumed that a repl

英语翻译
因为在线翻译的都比较差,
In the foregoing,we have assumed that a replenishment order is to be placed whenever the inventory level reaches the reorder point.A move practical idea is to use the inventory position rather than the inventory level as an indicator.The inventory position is the inventory level plus the quantity on order.The difference is illustrated in Fig.11.We note that inventory level is the same as inventory position when there are no outstanding orders.In the early cycles of the figure,the inventory level crosses the reorder point at the same time as the inventory position,and the same order pattern is obtained using either measure.Basing the order on the inventory level fails,however,when there is a lead time demand larger than the order quantity,as in the last cycle of the figure.In this case the inventory level falls below the reorder point and never reaches it again.Using the inventory position,however,allows two orders to be placed in quick succession,thus keeping the inventory in control.
Using the inventory position in this manner,also allows us to drop the requirement that the lot size be very much greater than the average demand during the lead time.The results in the table can be used even in cases where the lot size is small in relation to the lead time demand.The primary assumption for the derivations is that the probability of a stockout be small.This probability depends on the reorder point and not the lot size.
When the lot size is small,there may be many outstanding orders at any given time,emphasizing the need to track the inventory position.A particularly interesting case is when the lot size is 1.This implies that a replenishment order is placed whenever an item is withdrawn from inventory.
The results of the table were derived for continuous distributions.In fact the items in an inventory are usually discrete,and a discrete demand distribution may be more appropriate.This is particularly true when the reorder point is relatively small.For the discrete distribution p(x) is the probability that the random demand during the lead time takes the value x.F(x) is the probability that the demand is less than or equal to x.The expected shortage and expected unit-time shortage are
Previously we assumed that lead time is a constant.Indeed this is a very desirable characteristic of an inventory system.The lead time may actually be uncertain in duration due to variability in shipping times,material availability and supplier processing times.
Let lead time be a random variable Y with p.d.f.h(y),and let demand be the random variable,X,with p.d.f.g(x,y).The demand distribution depends on the lead time.The distribution of demand during the lead time is
This p.d.f.can then be used in the relations of Table 1 to determine approximate solutions.

在前述,我们假定一个补货订单安置每当库存水平达到最优再订货点.一个想法就是用移动实际库存的位置,而不是作为一个指标库存水平.存货的定位是库存水平加上数量秩序.不同的是说明图11.我们注意到库存水平是一样的库存位置时不存在明显的命令.在早期循环图,过的最优再订货点库存水平的同时,库存的位置,并得到了相同的顺序模式使用或措施.根据订购库存水平失败,然而,当有一个提前期需求大于订购数量,就像在一个周期的身影.在这种情况下,库存水平低于最优再订货点和从未达到一遍.利用库存的位置,然而,让两个命令被放置在紧接而来,从而使库存的控制.
利用库存位置以这样的方式,我们也可以下降的要求是非常批量需求大于平均在交货时间.结果在桌子可以用来即使在某些情况下是小批量交货时间联系在一起的需求.主要的是,假设推导stockout的可能性是很小的.这个概率取决于最优再订货点而不是很多的尺寸.
当很多的尺寸很小,可能有很多未完成的订单在任何特定时间,强调需要跟踪库存的位置.特别有趣的是当许多案件大小为1.这意味着一个补货订单被设置,每当一项退出库存.
桌子上的结果得到了连续分布.事实上,通常是在一个库存物品离散,一个离散的需求分布可能更合适.这是特别准确的最优再订货点是相对小的.离散分布的p(x)的几率是随机需求在筹建时间以价值x.F(x)的几率是需求是小于或等于x.预计和期望unit-time短缺正短缺
以前我们假定交货时间是恒定的.事实上,这是一个非常理想的库存系统特点.筹建时间,实际上可能是由于不确定的时间变异性运输时间、材料利用率和加工时间供应商.
我们是一个随机变量前置时间只有p.d.f.h(Y),让需求是随机变量,X,p.d.f.g(X,Y).需求分配取决于前置时间.需求的分布在筹建时间
这p.d.f.可以表1的关系确定的近似解.
我擅长英语,纯人工翻译