作业帮主谓一致三原则
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/11 20:04:13
主谓一致三原则：一，语法一致的原则 。二，意义一致原则。 三，就近一致原则。 ！
解题思路： 如下
解题过程：
语法一致
主谓一致的原则是指,主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.例如:
A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.
(主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式)
语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.
Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.
(主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式)
语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.
意义一致
( Notional Concord )
这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式.
1) 当主语后面接由as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than,no less than, rather than, together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定.在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说,我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去.从表面上我们也可以看出,它们与主语之间有","隔开.例如:
The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊.
The students, together with their teacher , are going to have a picnic this weekend.学生们打算这个周末与他们的老师一起去野炊.
2) 表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,其意义若是指总量应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:
Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.
人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月.
Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life.
二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期.
Eighty dollars are enough for a student to spend on food for one week.八十块钱给一个学生吃一个月的伙食是足够的了.
3) 形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:
The young, on the one hand, often think of the old conservative. On the other hand, the old always consider the young inexperience.
一方面,青年人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为青年人没有经验.
In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are doomed to unfortunate. 在许多故事里,好人总是有好报;坏人注定要倒霉.
4)当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人,同一物,同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.另外,当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数, 那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题.
Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.
中国丝绸和日本丝绸质量都很好.
Different people respectively welcome White and black coffee.
加奶的咖啡与清咖啡都分别受到不同人们的喜爱.
5) 集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff, team等等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式.例如:
The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.
The family is the tiniest cell of the society. 家庭是社会的最小的细胞.
The public has every reason to be cautious of professional deception.
人民大众完全有理由谨防职业骗局.
The public now come to know the whole story.
人们现在越来越清楚那是怎么回事了.
最终答案：略
解题过程：
语法一致
主谓一致的原则是指,主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.例如:
A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.
(主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式)
语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.
Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.
(主语是复数形式,谓语也采取复数形式)
语法书帮助你学习语言的某些规则.
意义一致
( Notional Concord )
这一原则是指,从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问题.有时主语形式上为单数,但意义上却是复数,那么谓语依意义也用复数形式;而有时主语形式上为复数,但意义上却是单数,那么谓语依意义亦用单数形式.
1) 当主语后面接由as well as, as much as, accompanied by, including, in addition to, more than,no less than, rather than, together with等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的形式要依主语的单复数而定.在这样的句子里,这些词所引导的词组不影响主语自身的单,复数形式,它们在句子里其实是状语.也就是说,我们完全可以将这些词组搬到句首或是放到句末去.从表面上我们也可以看出,它们与主语之间有","隔开.例如:
The teacher, with all his students, is going to have a picnic this weekend.老师打算这个周末与学生们一起去野炊.
The students, together with their teacher , are going to have a picnic this weekend.学生们打算这个周末与他们的老师一起去野炊.
2) 表示时间,金钱,距离,体积,重量,面积,数字等词语作主语时,其意义若是指总量应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指"有多少数量"则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:
Four weeks are often approximately regarded as one month.
人们常大约地将四个星期看成一个月.
Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life.
二十年在人的一生里意味着一个很长的时期.
Eighty dollars are enough for a student to spend on food for one week.八十块钱给一个学生吃一个月的伙食是足够的了.
3) 形容词前加定冠词即"the + 形容词"作主语时,其意义若是指个人或是抽象概念应看作单数,谓语动词用单数;但如果其意义是指一类人则应该看作是复数,那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:
The young, on the one hand, often think of the old conservative. On the other hand, the old always consider the young inexperience.
一方面,青年人常认为老年人保守;另一方面,老年人总是认为青年人没有经验.
In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are doomed to unfortunate. 在许多故事里,好人总是有好报;坏人注定要倒霉.
4)当and连接两个并列主语在意义上指同一人,同一物,同一事或者同一概念时,应看作单数,谓语动词用单数.另外,当and 连接两个形容词去修饰一个单数形式的主语时,其实是指两种不同的事物,主语则应该看作是复数, 那么谓语动词也应该用复数.例如:War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平是一个历史上的永恒的主题.
Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.
中国丝绸和日本丝绸质量都很好.
Different people respectively welcome White and black coffee.
加奶的咖啡与清咖啡都分别受到不同人们的喜爱.
5) 集体名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于主语的意义:主语表示整体时视为单数,谓语动词用单数;主语表示集体中的个体成员时视为复数,谓语动词用复数.这类集体名词常见的有:army, audience, cattle, class, club, committee, crowd, family, government, group, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff, team等等,其中cattle,people,police一般看成复数形式.例如:
The family are all fond of football. 那一家人都喜欢足球.
The family is the tiniest cell of the society. 家庭是社会的最小的细胞.
The public has every reason to be cautious of professional deception.
人民大众完全有理由谨防职业骗局.
The public now come to know the whole story.
人们现在越来越清楚那是怎么回事了.
最终答案：略