英语翻译Use of “assistant to” positions.Acting managers,perferab

英语翻译
Use of “assistant to” positions.Acting managers,perferably those with talent and experience as teachers are assisted in their jobs by trainees.The trainees are able to observe the managers in the exercise of their normal duties,as well as carrying out useful work themselves.
Coaching/Understudy Approach is where a trainee works directly with a senior manager or with the person he/she is to replace,and the latter is responsible for coaching the trainee.
Action learning programs give managers and others realeased time to work full-time on projects to analyze and solve problems in departments other than their own.Trainees meet periodically in four- or five-person project groups to discuss their findings
Temporary promotions.If maangers are ill or on holiday,trainees can be appointed as “acting managers” in their absence.This can be a convenience for the organization as well as an element in staff development.Obviously the trainees may need assistance in carrying out their duties and they should be encouraged to discuss any difficulties with their superiors.
Committees.Trainees might be included in the membership of committees in order to gain an understanding of inter-departmental relationships.
Establishing objectives.The graduates are likely to find their work more satisfying if targets are set for them.As it is,they appear not to know what is expected of them and cannot understand why thy spend long periods on work which they have already mastered.
Appraisal reports.A formal system of feedback should achieve improvements in staff performance as well as being a good motivator.
Job rotation.The purpose of this is to broaden the konwledge and experience of the trainnees.They can be shifted to a variety of posts,not all of them necessarily including supervisory duties.But the results may be unsatisfactory if insufficient time is allowed in each position.

“助理”职位的作用：代理经理人,尤其是那些具有教师般才能和经验的,利用培训生来协助他们的工作.在自己工作过程中,培训生也能够看到经理们是如何履行工作职责的.
指导和被指导方法是指培训生与高级经理人或者培训生要顶替的那个人一起工作,后者负责指导培训生.
行动学习计划使经理人和其他参与者全身心的参与到项目中,去分析和解决其他部门的问题.培训生们定期参加4-5人的项目小组讨论他们的心得.