作业帮师说的全文翻译
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：综合作业 时间：2024/05/29 14:22:41
师说的全文翻译
In ancient times those who wanted to learn would seek out a teacher, one who could propagate the doctrine1, impart professional knowledge, and resolve doubts. Since no one is born omniscient, who can claim to have no doubts? If one has doubts and is not willing to learn from a teacher, his doubts will never be resolved. Anyone who was born before me and learned the doctrine before me is my teacher. Anyone who was born after me and learned the doctrine before me is also my teacher. Since what I desire to learn is the doctrine, why should I care whether he was born before or after me? Therefore, it does not matter whether a person is high or low in position, young or old in age. Where there is the doctrine, there is my teacher.
Alas! The tradition of learning from the teacher has long been neglected. Thus it is difficult to find a person without any doubts at all. Ancient sages, who far surpassed us, even learned from their teachers. People today, who are far inferior to them, regard learning from the teacher as a disgrace. Thus, wise men become more wise and unlearned men become more foolish. This explains what makes a wise man and what makes a foolish man.
It is absurd that a person would choose a teacher for his son out of his love for him, and yet refuse to learn from the teacher himself, thinking it a disgrace to do so. The teacher of his son teaches the child only reading and punctuation, which is not propagating the doctrine or resolving doubts as the aforementioned. I don"t think it wise to learn from the teacher when one doesn"t know how to punctuate, but not when one has doubts unresolved, for that I find to be the folly of learning in small matters, but neglecting the big ones. Even medicine men, musicians and handicraftsmen do not think it disgraceful to learn from each other. When one of the literati calls another man his "teacher"and himself his "student" people will get together and invariably laugh at him. If you ask them why they are laughing, they will say that since he is almost of the same age and as erudite as another man, it would be degrading for him to call the other man "teacher" if the other man"s social rank is lower than his; and it would be flattering if the other man"s social rank is higher. Alas! It is clear that the tradition of learning from the teacher can no longer be restored. Medicine men, musicians and handicraftsmen are despised by the gentlemen. How strange it is that gentlemen are less wise than these people!
The ancient sages did not limit themselves to particular teachers. Confucius had learned from people like Tanzi2, Changhong3, Shixiang4, and Laodan5, who were not as virtuous and talented as Confucius. Confucius said "If three men are walking together, one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher."A student is not necessarily inferior to his teacher, nor does a teacher necessarily be more virtuous and talented than his student. The real fact is that one might have learned the doctrine earlier than the other, or might be a master in his own special field.
Pan, the son of Li"s family, who is only seventeen years old, loves to study Chinese classics of the Qin and Han dynasties, and masters the six jing6 and their annotations. He does not follow conventions and is willing to learn from me. I appreciate his ability to act in accordance with the old tradition of learning. Therefore I dedicate this piece to him.
英文的 还是中文的哈
古时好学的人,必定有老师.老师,是用来传授道理、教习学业、解答疑难问题的.人不是生下来就懂道理有知识的,谁能没有疑难问题?有疑难问题却不从师学习,那些疑难问题终究不能解决.生在我前边的人,他懂得道理本来就比我早,我（应该）跟从他,以他为老师；生在我后边的人,（如果）他懂得道理也比我早,我（也应该）跟从他,以他为老师.我是以道为师,哪管他生的比我早还是晚呢!因此无论地位高、地位低,无论年纪大、年纪少,（只要是）道存在的地方,就是老师存在的地方,（哪里有道,哪里就有老师.）
唉!（古时）从师的风尚断绝好久了!想要人们没有疑难问题也就很难了!古时的圣人,超出常人很远,尚且从师而请教；如今的众人,他低于圣人也很远了,可是以从师学习为耻辱.因此圣人就愈加圣智,愚人就愈加愚笨.圣人之成为圣人、愚人之成为愚人的原因,或许都出在这里吧!（有些人）爱自己的孩子,就选择老师教育他,（可是）对于自己就以从师为耻,（真是）糊涂啊!那儿童的老师,是教给儿童写字认字,让他学习断句分逗的,（并）不是我所说的传授道理、解答疑难问题的人.（可是）对于不知句读,有人就从师；对于疑难问题不能解决,有人就不从师；（这就是）学小而弃大,我没见他高明在哪里.巫者、医生、乐师和各种手工业者,他们不以互相学习为耻辱；（可是）士大夫一类人,听说到老师弟子这些话,就凑在一起加以讥笑.问他们,就说：“谁和谁年纪差不多,（他们所知的）道理也差不多.”（从师的对象）地位低,就感到可耻；官职高,就认为近于阿谀.唉!（古时）从师的风尚不能恢复,（由此）可知了!巫者、医生、乐师和各种手工业者,君子不屑于（和这些人）同列,（可是）现在他们在从师的见识上,竟然反而赶不上（这些人）,不是太奇怪了吗!
圣人没有固定的老师.孔子以郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃为师.郯子这些人,他们的贤明不及孔子.（可是）孔子说：“三个人同行,其中就一定有我的老师.”因此,弟子不一定不如老师,老师不一定样样比弟子高明.懂得道理有先有后,技术学业各有专长,如此罢了.
李家的孩子名蟠,十七岁,喜好古文,“六经”的正文和释文,都普遍学习,（他）不为当时耻于从师的风气所约束,向我求教.我嘉奖能继承古时从师的风尚,（于是）作这篇《师说》来赠送他.
Alas! The tradition of learning from the teacher has long been neglected. Thus it is difficult to find a person without any doubts at all. Ancient sages, who far surpassed us, even learned from their teachers. People today, who are far inferior to them, regard learning from the teacher as a disgrace. Thus, wise men become more wise and unlearned men become more foolish. This explains what makes a wise man and what makes a foolish man.
It is absurd that a person would choose a teacher for his son out of his love for him, and yet refuse to learn from the teacher himself, thinking it a disgrace to do so. The teacher of his son teaches the child only reading and punctuation, which is not propagating the doctrine or resolving doubts as the aforementioned. I don"t think it wise to learn from the teacher when one doesn"t know how to punctuate, but not when one has doubts unresolved, for that I find to be the folly of learning in small matters, but neglecting the big ones. Even medicine men, musicians and handicraftsmen do not think it disgraceful to learn from each other. When one of the literati calls another man his "teacher"and himself his "student" people will get together and invariably laugh at him. If you ask them why they are laughing, they will say that since he is almost of the same age and as erudite as another man, it would be degrading for him to call the other man "teacher" if the other man"s social rank is lower than his; and it would be flattering if the other man"s social rank is higher. Alas! It is clear that the tradition of learning from the teacher can no longer be restored. Medicine men, musicians and handicraftsmen are despised by the gentlemen. How strange it is that gentlemen are less wise than these people!
The ancient sages did not limit themselves to particular teachers. Confucius had learned from people like Tanzi2, Changhong3, Shixiang4, and Laodan5, who were not as virtuous and talented as Confucius. Confucius said "If three men are walking together, one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher."A student is not necessarily inferior to his teacher, nor does a teacher necessarily be more virtuous and talented than his student. The real fact is that one might have learned the doctrine earlier than the other, or might be a master in his own special field.
Pan, the son of Li"s family, who is only seventeen years old, loves to study Chinese classics of the Qin and Han dynasties, and masters the six jing6 and their annotations. He does not follow conventions and is willing to learn from me. I appreciate his ability to act in accordance with the old tradition of learning. Therefore I dedicate this piece to him.
英文的 还是中文的哈
古时好学的人,必定有老师.老师,是用来传授道理、教习学业、解答疑难问题的.人不是生下来就懂道理有知识的,谁能没有疑难问题?有疑难问题却不从师学习,那些疑难问题终究不能解决.生在我前边的人,他懂得道理本来就比我早,我（应该）跟从他,以他为老师；生在我后边的人,（如果）他懂得道理也比我早,我（也应该）跟从他,以他为老师.我是以道为师,哪管他生的比我早还是晚呢!因此无论地位高、地位低,无论年纪大、年纪少,（只要是）道存在的地方,就是老师存在的地方,（哪里有道,哪里就有老师.）
唉!（古时）从师的风尚断绝好久了!想要人们没有疑难问题也就很难了!古时的圣人,超出常人很远,尚且从师而请教；如今的众人,他低于圣人也很远了,可是以从师学习为耻辱.因此圣人就愈加圣智,愚人就愈加愚笨.圣人之成为圣人、愚人之成为愚人的原因,或许都出在这里吧!（有些人）爱自己的孩子,就选择老师教育他,（可是）对于自己就以从师为耻,（真是）糊涂啊!那儿童的老师,是教给儿童写字认字,让他学习断句分逗的,（并）不是我所说的传授道理、解答疑难问题的人.（可是）对于不知句读,有人就从师；对于疑难问题不能解决,有人就不从师；（这就是）学小而弃大,我没见他高明在哪里.巫者、医生、乐师和各种手工业者,他们不以互相学习为耻辱；（可是）士大夫一类人,听说到老师弟子这些话,就凑在一起加以讥笑.问他们,就说：“谁和谁年纪差不多,（他们所知的）道理也差不多.”（从师的对象）地位低,就感到可耻；官职高,就认为近于阿谀.唉!（古时）从师的风尚不能恢复,（由此）可知了!巫者、医生、乐师和各种手工业者,君子不屑于（和这些人）同列,（可是）现在他们在从师的见识上,竟然反而赶不上（这些人）,不是太奇怪了吗!
圣人没有固定的老师.孔子以郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃为师.郯子这些人,他们的贤明不及孔子.（可是）孔子说：“三个人同行,其中就一定有我的老师.”因此,弟子不一定不如老师,老师不一定样样比弟子高明.懂得道理有先有后,技术学业各有专长,如此罢了.
李家的孩子名蟠,十七岁,喜好古文,“六经”的正文和释文,都普遍学习,（他）不为当时耻于从师的风气所约束,向我求教.我嘉奖能继承古时从师的风尚,（于是）作这篇《师说》来赠送他.