英语翻译蟹类隶属甲壳动物（Crustacea）十足目（ Decapoda）爬行亚目（Reptantia）短尾派(Brac

英语翻译
蟹类隶属甲壳动物（Crustacea）十足目（ Decapoda）爬行亚目（Reptantia）短尾派(Brachyura)的统称.全世界蟹类约有4500余种,中国约有近800种,其中不少种具有重要经济价值.舟山渔场（29°30ˊ～31°00ˊN,125°00ˊE以西海区）海域广泛,生物资源较为丰富,蟹类种类繁多,有双斑蟳、银光梭子蟹、细点圆趾蟹、长手隆背蟹、日本蟳、武士蟳、锈斑蟳、三疣梭子蟹、泥脚隆背蟹、锐刺长踦蟹和纤手梭子蟹,其中具有较高经济价值的蟹类种类如三疣梭子蟹（Portunus trituberculatus）、细点圆趾蟹（Ovalpes punctatus）、日本鲟（Charybdis japonica）,锈斑蟳（Charybdis feriatus）等.20世纪八十年代以来,随着近海底层鱼类资源的衰退和人们生活水平的提高,蟹类资源不断得到开发利用,在海洋渔业中地位也越来越高.但是近年来随着科技的发达,人类活动(过度的商业捕捞、海洋环境污染等)以及环境的变化直接导致主要可利用渔业种类资源的衰竭,渔获率不断降低、个体平均体长趋小、性成熟时期提早等;间接造成了海洋生物群落和海洋生态系统结构的改变.海洋生态学家越来越关注这些干扰对海洋生物群落影响,并提出了一系列指标来定量度量群落乃至于整个生态系统动态变化,物种多样性是群落生物组成结构的重要指标,它不仅可以反映群落组织化水平,而且可以通过结构与功能的关系间接反映群落功能的特征,本文通过对舟山渔场及邻近海域蟹类物种多样性研究,在本次舟山渔场及邻近海域调查中共得蟹类种类43种,隶属10科、21属.优势种类为细点圆趾蟹、双斑蟳、三疣梭子蟹,其次是日本蟳、红星梭子蟹、红线黎明蟹,以上六种蟹类占蟹类总渔获量的94.58%.蟹类渔获量季节变化,秋季＞夏季＞冬季＞春季.秋季蟹类渔获率以舟山渔场最高,夏季渔获率以江外渔场最高.蟹类资源密集区集中在长江口渔场和舟山渔场北部.本次调查与20世纪90年代末在东海大陆架海域的蟹类资源调查结果相比,蟹类种类组成和优势种没有太大的变化,也是表现为三疣梭子蟹等大型蟹类资源渔获率较低,资源基础比较脆弱,细点圆趾蟹渔获率比例高,资源蕴藏量大,应该重视其资源的开发利用.

The crab class subordination crustacean (Crustacea) decapoda (Decapoda) crawls the suborder (Reptantia) short tail to send (Brachyura) the general designation.The world crab class has 4500 kinds approximately, China has the near 800 kinds approximately, in which many kinds has the important economic value.The Zhoushan fishery (29°30 ˊ ~31°00 ˊ N,125°00 ˊ west of E sea area) the sea area is widespread, the biological resources are rich, the crab class type is many, has a pair of spot , the silver light blue crab, the thin null circle foot crab, the long hand prosperous back crab, Japan , the warrior , the rust spot , three wart blue crabs, the putty foot prosperous back crab, the sharp thorn long crab and the delicate hands blue crab, in which has the high economic value crab class kind of as for example three wart blue crab (Portunus trituberculatus), the thin null circle foot crab (Ovalpes punctatus), the Japanese sturgeon (Charybdis japonica), rusts the spot (Charybdis feriatus) and so on.Since 1980s, along with the offshore first floor fish stock decline and the people living standard enhancement, the crab class resources have obtained the development use unceasingly, the status more and more are also high in the sea fishery.But in recent years along with technical developed, the humanity moved (excessive commercial fishing for, marine environment pollution and so on) as well as the environment change causes mainly to be possible directly to use the fishery type resources the failure, the catch rate reduces, the individual average body unceasingly long slightly hastens, the natural maturation period ahead of time and so on; Has created the marine life community and the sea ecosystem structure change indirectly.The sea ecologist more and more pays attention to these disturbances to affect to the marine life community, and proposed a series of targets come the quota measure community are as for the entire ecosystem dynamic change, the species multiplicity are the community biology composition structure important targets, not only it may reflect the community organization level, moreover may through the structure and the function relational indirect reflection community function characteristic, this article through to the Zhoushan fishery and the neighbor sea area crab class species multiplicity research, investigates the Chinese Communist Party in this Zhoushan fishery and the neighbor sea area to result in the crab class type 43 kinds, subordinates 10 branches, 21 is.The superiority type for the thin null circle foot crab, the double spot , three wart blue crabs, next is Japan , the red star blue crab, the red line daybreak the crab, above six kind of crabs class account for 94.58% which the crab class always catches.The crab class catches the seasonal variation, the autumn> summer> the winter> spring.The autumn crab class catch rate is highest by the Zhoushan fishery, summer the catch rate the fishery is highest by the river outside.The crab class resources compact district concentrates in the Changjiang delta fishery and north the Zhoushan fishery.This investigation compares with the end of 1990s in the East China Sea continental shelf sea area crab class resources investigation result, crab class species composition and dominant species not too big change, also is the performance is three wart blue crabs and so on the large-scale crab class resources catch rate is low, the resource base quite is frail, the thin null circle foot crab catch rate proportion is high, the resources reserves are big, should take its resources the development use.