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英语语法问题 's和of的区别 如何快速理解?

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英语语法问题 's和of的区别 如何快速理解?
a book of my sister's(双重属格,表示不止一本书,表整体与部分) 我姐姐的一本书
a book of my sister(of-属格,强调书是我姐姐的,表所属关系)我姐姐的书
a bone of the dog's(双重属格,表主谓关系)一根狗吃的骨头
a bone of the dog(of-属格,表整体与部分的关系)一根狗骨头
如果是sister's 和sister我可以理解 把sister's想成sister's books
a book of my sister's(books) 一本书属于所有书中的一本书,所以强调的整体与部分.
所有书的一部分,可是a bone of the dog's 也是理解成dog's (bones)吗?
我看的语法书、有些地方看不懂。
GRAMMAR
To refer to someone or something that belongs to or is connected with someone,it is usual to use -'s or -s' (NOT of) with short noun phrases :Dad's car (NOT the car of Dad) | a child's bike (NOT the bike of a child) | my sister's boyfriend (NOT the boyfriend of my sister) | the miners' strike (NOT the strike of the miners)
When referring to one of several people or things belonging to or connected with someone,or when using 'this' or 'that',use of + mine/yours/his/hers/ours/theirs :a friend of mine (NOT a friend of me) | a relation of ours (NOT a relation of us) | that car of yours (NOT that car of you)
To talk about the person who sang,wrote,painted,or composed a particular work,use by not of :a song by Mariah Carey (NOT of Mariah Carey)
再问: 不愧是神回答,我有时间去看一下
来点中文解释吧!