作业帮如何能做好阅读理解
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/16 03:25:41
您好，如何才能在阅读上拿高分呢，我的正确率很低，还有书面表达也不行
解题思路： 平时要勤于积累
解题过程：
提高阅读理解能力方法
1、扩大词汇量，培养词义推断理解能力。 词汇是语言的三大要素之一，是阅读的基础， 近几年的阅读短文的词汇量都在2200个单词左右，就要求学生不但要积累足够的词汇量，而且要学会构词法（转化、派生、合成）来丰富自身的词汇量；常见词缀有：①表反义的前缀词dis-, im-, un-,in-等，例如：disappear，disagree， impossible，unvisible， inexpensive，unable等；②加后缀转化为形容词有：-able， -sive， -less，-ful等，例如：reasonable, unknowable, effective等；③名词加ly或y转化为形容词，如month→monthly，year→yearly， salt→salty等；④“non-”表示“没有”“否定”之意，如non-stop，non-sleep，non-recyclable等；⑤“over-”表示“超过、超额、超量”之意，如：overwork，oversleep等。 加强训练，让学生学会根据构词法（根据词根、前缀、后缀等推断出生词的词义）、上下文（例子、定义、对比、同义词、反义词、语境）、逻辑关系等方法来推断生词的词义。 2、提高阅读速度 首先要克服不良的阅读习惯：一次一个单词，用手指着读，一遇到生词就停下来，“声读”（小声朗读或心里默读）等等，加强限时阅读训练。 3、加强训练，培养学生剖析结构，分析解读长难句能力。近年来，高考阅读的长句、难句的数量逐年增多，大大地加大了学生阅读难度，影响阅读速度和效果。这些句子结构复杂、修饰语叠缀、信息容量大，有时一个句子占几行甚至一个自然段。其实，这类句子并不可怕，只要善于理清其基本结构和各语段之间的关系，在分层理解内容的基础上整合全句语义，难句也就迎刃而解。 4、选好阅读材料，扩大阅读量，丰富学生英语文化背景知识 近几年绝大多数高考阅读材料是介绍英语国家的文化、人文、生活、人生观、科普、习俗、历史、人物等。学生除了看懂文章外，具备一定的背景知识也极为重要，它是阅读理解的催化剂。因为语言是文化的载体，话语不能脱离文化背景而独立存在。文化背景知识的获取，除了教材课文阅读外，更多的是通过课外阅读英文读物，而课外阅读材料的选取要注意以下二个方面：①、体裁多样，题材广泛，包含记叙文、应用文、议论文。涉及人文、历史、生活、人生观、习俗、科普等，趋向现代化、生活化、知识化，突出实用性与时代性、趣味性。②、尽量选用原汁原味的英文读物，而且这些读物应具有一定的生词量（具有一定的生词量的英文读物是今后高考选材的一种趋势）。 如何提高书面表达档次
期末即将来临，短期内想有效提高英语成绩是不太现实的，但是大家可以尝试在书面表达上做一些文章，临时抱佛脚，可能会很有效。对书面表达的改善从以下入手：
1、 修正书写。一定要保证卷面整洁，不涂抹不粘贴。可能你字不漂亮，但是要保证清楚工整端正！
2、 尽量写得满，写得够字数。这是作文评分的基本标准。
3、 多背诵一些好词好句，增加亮点。
4、 以下供同学们参考。
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)
27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
二．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.
He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）
③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.
2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.
◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.
◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅲ )
② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.
◆（非限制性）定语从句
① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)
② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)
◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)
② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)
③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（08年湖南卷）
◆ with结构
① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.
② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.
◆ 倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →
East of the teaching building is the library.
② Although we are tired, we are happy.→
Tired as we are, we are happy.
③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)
④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）
◆ 被动语态
① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷 Ⅳ)
③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)
◆ 巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.
（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.
（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).
（4）．变换插入语的位置
① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)
② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)
(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→
Meimei, a girl of thir**, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头
① 用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.
With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）
With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）
② 用非谓语动词形式开头
ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.
ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.
（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆ 相关过渡语
1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…
2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…
6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…
同学：不知这样的解答你能否满意，如有不同意见，请在下面的继续讨论中留言好吗？拾贝老师愿意与你再次进行亲切的交流。祝：学习不断进步！
最终答案：略
解题过程：
提高阅读理解能力方法
1、扩大词汇量，培养词义推断理解能力。 词汇是语言的三大要素之一，是阅读的基础， 近几年的阅读短文的词汇量都在2200个单词左右，就要求学生不但要积累足够的词汇量，而且要学会构词法（转化、派生、合成）来丰富自身的词汇量；常见词缀有：①表反义的前缀词dis-, im-, un-,in-等，例如：disappear，disagree， impossible，unvisible， inexpensive，unable等；②加后缀转化为形容词有：-able， -sive， -less，-ful等，例如：reasonable, unknowable, effective等；③名词加ly或y转化为形容词，如month→monthly，year→yearly， salt→salty等；④“non-”表示“没有”“否定”之意，如non-stop，non-sleep，non-recyclable等；⑤“over-”表示“超过、超额、超量”之意，如：overwork，oversleep等。 加强训练，让学生学会根据构词法（根据词根、前缀、后缀等推断出生词的词义）、上下文（例子、定义、对比、同义词、反义词、语境）、逻辑关系等方法来推断生词的词义。 2、提高阅读速度 首先要克服不良的阅读习惯：一次一个单词，用手指着读，一遇到生词就停下来，“声读”（小声朗读或心里默读）等等，加强限时阅读训练。 3、加强训练，培养学生剖析结构，分析解读长难句能力。近年来，高考阅读的长句、难句的数量逐年增多，大大地加大了学生阅读难度，影响阅读速度和效果。这些句子结构复杂、修饰语叠缀、信息容量大，有时一个句子占几行甚至一个自然段。其实，这类句子并不可怕，只要善于理清其基本结构和各语段之间的关系，在分层理解内容的基础上整合全句语义，难句也就迎刃而解。 4、选好阅读材料，扩大阅读量，丰富学生英语文化背景知识 近几年绝大多数高考阅读材料是介绍英语国家的文化、人文、生活、人生观、科普、习俗、历史、人物等。学生除了看懂文章外，具备一定的背景知识也极为重要，它是阅读理解的催化剂。因为语言是文化的载体，话语不能脱离文化背景而独立存在。文化背景知识的获取，除了教材课文阅读外，更多的是通过课外阅读英文读物，而课外阅读材料的选取要注意以下二个方面：①、体裁多样，题材广泛，包含记叙文、应用文、议论文。涉及人文、历史、生活、人生观、习俗、科普等，趋向现代化、生活化、知识化，突出实用性与时代性、趣味性。②、尽量选用原汁原味的英文读物，而且这些读物应具有一定的生词量（具有一定的生词量的英文读物是今后高考选材的一种趋势）。 如何提高书面表达档次
期末即将来临，短期内想有效提高英语成绩是不太现实的，但是大家可以尝试在书面表达上做一些文章，临时抱佛脚，可能会很有效。对书面表达的改善从以下入手：
1、 修正书写。一定要保证卷面整洁，不涂抹不粘贴。可能你字不漂亮，但是要保证清楚工整端正！
2、 尽量写得满，写得够字数。这是作文评分的基本标准。
3、 多背诵一些好词好句，增加亮点。
4、 以下供同学们参考。
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.
2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading. →
He devotes all his spare time to reading.
3．seek替换want / look for
They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.
4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.
5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting. →
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.
The film we saw last night was anything but boring.
6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.
7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.
8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help. →
We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.
9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case ( true ).
10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →
On his arrival, he began his research..
11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm.
12．cover替换walk/read
After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.
13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.
14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).
15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.
16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).
17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.
18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)
19．be of + n. 替换adj.
The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.
20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.
21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but (had to) go home.
22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.
23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →
I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.
24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
I want to see you very much. →
I am long to see you.
25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.
26．more than替换very
① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )
② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)
27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?
29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )
30．in the course of替换during
In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.
31．the majority of替换most
The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.
32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).
② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.
34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as
37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with
39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do
40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing
42．a handful of替换a little / some
43．meanwhile替换at the same time
44．get to one’s feet替换stand up
45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while
47．for instance替换for example
48．seldom替换not often
49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
二．高级句型结构
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.
He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）
③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.
2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.
◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.
◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅲ )
② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.
◆（非限制性）定语从句
① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→
The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)
② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)
◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)
② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)
③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（08年湖南卷）
◆ with结构
① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.
② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.
◆ 倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →
East of the teaching building is the library.
② Although we are tired, we are happy.→
Tired as we are, we are happy.
③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)
④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）
◆ 被动语态
① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷 Ⅳ)
③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)
◆ 巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.
（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.
（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).
（4）．变换插入语的位置
① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)
② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)
(5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→
Meimei, a girl of thir**, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头
① 用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.
With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）
With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）
② 用非谓语动词形式开头
ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.
ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.
（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆ 相关过渡语
1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…
2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…
6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…
同学：不知这样的解答你能否满意，如有不同意见，请在下面的继续讨论中留言好吗？拾贝老师愿意与你再次进行亲切的交流。祝：学习不断进步！
最终答案：略