英语翻译The cause and cure of China’s widening income disparityG

英语翻译
The cause and cure of China’s widening income disparity
Gene H.CHANG
Department of Economics,University of Toledo,Toledo,OH 43560,USA
Received 20 August 2002; accepted 29 September 2002
JEL classification:D3; O1; O5
Keywords:Income disparity; China; Gini coefficient
The widening income disparity in China has caught much attention recently.According to
Chinese official statistics,the Gini coefficient of China rose from a low level of .33 in 1980 to
.40 in 1994 and to .46 in 2000.China’s current income gap has surpassed those in India and
Ethiopia (Table 1) and is now among those countries with most unequal distribution in the
world.Will this trend of widening income gap continue?Can China stop this trend and how?
The keys to these two questions are critical for China in the coming future.
Below,I will make the following arguments:First,China’s income disparity is alarmingly
high but the main reason for this disparity is the rural–urban income gap.Secondly,there is
no secular trend of the income disparity.The disparity may either increase or decrease in near
future.Finally,although the disparity may not further grow,it is likely to remain at a high
level in coming years.There is no effective way to reduce the Gini coefficient or other
measures for income inequality per se.The cure for this problem is to accelerate urbanization
in the short-run and to promote the growth of the modern urban sector in the long run.Yet,
these policies in the short-run may further widen the measured income gap.
1.What is the major cause for China’s large income disparity?
The popular explanations for today’s large income disparity in China include:the regional
disparity caused by the government’s preferential policy towards coastal zones,the swelling
1043-951X/02/$ – see front matter D 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc.
PII:S1043-951X(02)00089-5

中国收入差距扩大现象的起因和解决措施
Gene H.CHANG｛教授的名字｝
经济系 University of Toledo【托雷多大学】,Toledo,OH 43560,USA
Received 20 August 2002; accepted 29 September 2002
jel分类:D3; O1; O5
关键字：收入差距,中国,基尼系数
在中国,收入差距扩大的现象
最近已经得到广泛关注,通过中国官方数据,中国的基尼系数从1980年的低水平33%上升为1994年的40%,然后是2000年的46%.中国当前的收入差距已经超过了印度和埃塞俄比亚【表一】,并且已经进入了世界上最不平均分配的国家行列.中国收入差距扩大的趋势会持续吗?中国能够阻止这种趋势吗,怎样做?
针对这两大问题的关键措施对于中国在不久的将来极其重要.
下面,我将提出以下论点;
首先,中国的收入差距已经达到引起警觉性的高度了,而造成这种差距的主要原因是农村与城市的收入差距.其次,这种收入差距没有长期发展的趋势,在不久的将来,它可能会增大,也可能会缩小.最后,虽然此差距不会长期发展,但是在接下来的几年里,仍可能会保持在很高的水平.目前对于此问题,并没有很有效的措施能够降低基尼系数,对于这个问题的解决方法就是在短期内加速都市化,长期内促进现代都市区域的建设.
然而,这些在短期内的政策可能会更进一步的扩大已评定的收入差距.
1 造成中国庞大的收入差距的主要原因是什么?在中国,如今对于此庞大收入差距现象最通俗的解释包括：由中国政府倾向沿海地区的优惠政策引起的地区差异,the swelling
1043-951X/02/$ – see front matter D 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Inc.
PII:S1043-951X(02)00089-5 【由爱思维尔科学公司出版的.】