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关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当句子的什么成分?

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/05/15 11:31:17
关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当句子的什么成分?
关系代词
一、弄清关系代词所指及其在定语从句中所充当的句子成分.
1.先行词指物时,用关系代词that/which在从句中作主语或宾语.如:
He bought a coat that/which cost little.
他买了一件便宜上衣.(作主语)
The car which / that he bought yesterday is a secondhand one.
他昨天买的车是个二手货.(作宾语)
2.先行词指人时,用关系代词that/who在从句中作主语或宾语(在口语中,代替whom).如:
The man who / that gave a speech on TV is the president.
昨天在电视上演讲的人是总统.(作主语)
This is the strange man that/who/whom I met yesterday.
这就是我昨天碰到的那个怪人.(作宾语)
3. whose在从句中作定语,既可指人,作“某(些)人的”解;也可指物,作“某(些)物的”解.如:
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘.
We live in a house whose windows open to the south.
我们居住在一所窗户朝南的房子里.
理清上述关系还能帮助我们判断定语从句谓语动词的单复数.又如:
He is one of the students who work hard.
他是学习努力的学生之一.(who指先行词the students)
He is the only one of the students who goes abroad.他是学生中唯一出国的.(who指先行词the only one)
二、记清多用关系代词that的几种情况.
1. 先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much等不定代词时.如:
There is little that I can use.
几乎没有什么我能用的了.
2. 先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时.如:
All the books that you need are here.
你所需要的书都在这儿.
3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时.如:
This is the first composition that he has written in English.
这是他用英语写的第一篇作文.
4. 先行词既有人又有物时.如:
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校.
5. 主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时.如:
Who is the man that is speaking over there?
在那里说话的人是谁?
6. 先行词被the only,the very,the last等修饰时.如:
This is the very gun that I am looking for.
这正是我在找的枪.
7. 关系代词在从句中作表语时.如:
He is not the young man that he was thirty years ago.
他已不是三十年前的那个年轻人了.