作业帮请问有人知道这篇英文文献怎么翻译吗?
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/16 16:11:31
请问有人知道这篇英文文献怎么翻译吗?
The preferred median type for urban expressways is a raised curb median. The raised curb
median should be a minimum of 12 feet wide (curb to curb) with two 4 foot left side
shoulders. This provides an overall travel lane to travel lane width of 20 feet. Consideration
of double left turn lanes may be needed for high volume expressways with appropriate
intersection spacing. With 4 foot inside shoulders, the overall median width would be 32
feet travel lane to travel lane. Figure 8-1 shows the different element widths for a double left
turn. Even where only single left turn lanes are needed, the 32 foot width allows for future
widening and also provides a positive off-set to oncoming traffic (see Figure 8-2 for more
information on opposing left turn movements and positive/negative offsets).
Since expressways are, from a functional classification perspective, a higher order facility,
the left side shoulder should be held to a higher standard than the normal shy distance for
other urban arterials. Where extensive right of way is available, a depressed median could be
used. However, depressed medians will generally not be an option within urban
environments. Both the raised curb and depressed median options should be considered first
as they offer the greatest design flexibility. In areas with right of way restrictions, a concrete
barrier should be considered. The concrete barrier is 2 feet wide at the base and requires a 4
foot left side shoulder. Concrete barriers should be avoided in areas where pedestrian
crossings or at-grade median openings may be expected. Openings in concrete barriers
present many problems including reduced sight distance and the need for impact attenuators,
which become another potential object that could be hit. On some expressways, those with a
design speed equal to 45 mph, a minimum 10 foot painted median could be used. However,
painted medians on expressways are discouraged.
Figure 8-1
Expressway Median Widths and Dual Left Turn Lanes
The preferred median type for urban expressways is a raised curb median. The raised curb
median should be a minimum of 12 feet wide (curb to curb) with two 4 foot left side
shoulders. This provides an overall travel lane to travel lane width of 20 feet. Consideration
of double left turn lanes may be needed for high volume expressways with appropriate
intersection spacing. With 4 foot inside shoulders, the overall median width would be 32
feet travel lane to travel lane. Figure 8-1 shows the different element widths for a double left
turn. Even where only single left turn lanes are needed, the 32 foot width allows for future
widening and also provides a positive off-set to oncoming traffic (see Figure 8-2 for more
information on opposing left turn movements and positive/negative offsets).
Since expressways are, from a functional classification perspective, a higher order facility,
the left side shoulder should be held to a higher standard than the normal shy distance for
other urban arterials. Where extensive right of way is available, a depressed median could be
used. However, depressed medians will generally not be an option within urban
environments. Both the raised curb and depressed median options should be considered first
as they offer the greatest design flexibility. In areas with right of way restrictions, a concrete
barrier should be considered. The concrete barrier is 2 feet wide at the base and requires a 4
foot left side shoulder. Concrete barriers should be avoided in areas where pedestrian
crossings or at-grade median openings may be expected. Openings in concrete barriers
present many problems including reduced sight distance and the need for impact attenuators,
which become another potential object that could be hit. On some expressways, those with a
design speed equal to 45 mph, a minimum 10 foot painted median could be used. However,
painted medians on expressways are discouraged.
Figure 8-1
Expressway Median Widths and Dual Left Turn Lanes
首选位数型为城市快速路是一个提出遏制位数.募集遏止位数应至少有12英尺宽(curbtocurb)以两个4尺左 方肩上.这提供了一次全面的旅游线旅游线宽度为20英尺.考虑双左转车道可能需要高容量的高速公路,提供适当的交叉口间距.4尺内的肩膀,正中总宽度将32英尺旅游线旅游线.图8-1显示了不同元素宽度为双左转.即使只有单一左转车道是需要的,32呎宽让未来的扩大,并规定了积极抵消向迎面而来的车辆(见图8-2 更多关于反左运动,积极/消极抵消).自从高速公路上,从功能分类的角度来看,一个高阶设施 左边肩膀应举行一个更高的水平,比正常的害羞距离市区其他干道.; 而广泛的权利,这样的情况下,低迷中可以使用.不过,情绪低落分隔带一般不会选择在城区环境.既提出了遏制和压抑位数的选择应首先考虑为他们提供最大的设计灵活性.在区权方式的限制,但是具体的障碍,应该加以考虑.混凝土护栏是2英尺宽的基地,并规定了4脚左边肩膀.具体的障碍,应避免在地方的行人通道或在地面正中开口可以预期.开口水泥屏障,目前的许多问题,包括减少视距及需要影响attenuators,其中,成为另一个潜在的对象,可以击中.一些高速公路,是具有设计速度等于45英里,最低10尺画中可以使用.然而,画中位数在高速公路上劝阻.图8-1高速公路位数的宽度和双左转车道
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