作业帮新概念4课文中的两个时态问题
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/07 03:13:52
新概念4课文中的两个时态问题
括号中为什么用现在完成时?
How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf?One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England,and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill,but they are hungry creatures,not content with only three meals a day.【It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.】
2.为什么不用现在完成时?
Fortunately,however,【ancient men made tools of stone】,especially flint,because this is easier to shape than other kinds.They may also have used wood and skins,but these have rotted away.Stone does not decay,and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
括号中为什么用现在完成时?
How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf?One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England,and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects.It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill,but they are hungry creatures,not content with only three meals a day.【It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.】
2.为什么不用现在完成时?
Fortunately,however,【ancient men made tools of stone】,especially flint,because this is easier to shape than other kinds.They may also have used wood and skins,but these have rotted away.Stone does not decay,and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
时态的不同能表达不同的含义,能够去体会这些差别,说明楼主是在认真学的使用过去时和完成时,翻译成中文后有时候是看不出差别的,但英文原句意思是有细微的差别.
第一句话分析：
1、英文用过去时来表达的话（it was estimated that）,可以理解为：有人估算过.那么原文作者只是引用,但对被引用内容的正确性不表达立场.
2、用完成时,说明这个估算结果到目前是有权威性,或者是被广泛认同的,对这个估算结果到目前仍然成立、依然正确,或者原文作者是认同该估算结果的.那么句子意思可以理解为：据估算...
第二句话分析：
原句表达的意思是：古人用石头来制造工具.古人在今天是不存在的,所以不能用现在时,也不能用现在完成时.比较这两句的意思：
1、He wrote 12 famous essays in his life. 英文原句表示这个文学家已经去世了
2、He has written 12 famous essays in his life. 此句可以理解为：他已经写了12篇.句中表示的含义此人还在世.
总得来说,要体会一下现在时和现在完成时的基本含义.现在时是描述现在发生的事情,表示一般状态,主语应该是现在的事物和人,也可以表达一般、普遍、符合规律的基础性原理和规则、自然规律等等,还有从句中的很多情况中也用现在时,表示条件和假设.
而现在完成时,则着重体现延续到当前的完成状态,该事物、状况到目前位置是已经完成的,其结果对当前有影响.
当然,有时候现在时和完成时可以互换,主要看具体情况和需要.
楼主有需要的话,可以查找以前学过的比较熟悉的文章来按照时态来感受背景含义的变化,多体会就有心得了.
再问： 你的回答很详细，非常感谢！但是还有一个地方没能理第二句话似乎符合“其结果对当前（对远古人的研究）有影响，而且，后面的话为什么又用了完成时？
再答： 有些长，请见附件。
第一句话分析：
1、英文用过去时来表达的话（it was estimated that）,可以理解为：有人估算过.那么原文作者只是引用,但对被引用内容的正确性不表达立场.
2、用完成时,说明这个估算结果到目前是有权威性,或者是被广泛认同的,对这个估算结果到目前仍然成立、依然正确,或者原文作者是认同该估算结果的.那么句子意思可以理解为：据估算...
第二句话分析：
原句表达的意思是：古人用石头来制造工具.古人在今天是不存在的,所以不能用现在时,也不能用现在完成时.比较这两句的意思：
1、He wrote 12 famous essays in his life. 英文原句表示这个文学家已经去世了
2、He has written 12 famous essays in his life. 此句可以理解为：他已经写了12篇.句中表示的含义此人还在世.
总得来说,要体会一下现在时和现在完成时的基本含义.现在时是描述现在发生的事情,表示一般状态,主语应该是现在的事物和人,也可以表达一般、普遍、符合规律的基础性原理和规则、自然规律等等,还有从句中的很多情况中也用现在时,表示条件和假设.
而现在完成时,则着重体现延续到当前的完成状态,该事物、状况到目前位置是已经完成的,其结果对当前有影响.
当然,有时候现在时和完成时可以互换,主要看具体情况和需要.
楼主有需要的话,可以查找以前学过的比较熟悉的文章来按照时态来感受背景含义的变化,多体会就有心得了.
再问： 你的回答很详细，非常感谢！但是还有一个地方没能理第二句话似乎符合“其结果对当前（对远古人的研究）有影响，而且，后面的话为什么又用了完成时？
再答： 有些长，请见附件。