英语翻译Firewood is the chief fuel used for cooking and heating

英语翻译
Firewood is the chief fuel used for cooking and heating in many countries.The increased pressures of expanding populations have led to the removal of woody plants so that many cities and towns are surrounded by large areas completely lacking in trees and shrubs.The increasing use of dried animal waste as a substitute fuel has also hurt the soil because this valuable soil conditioner and source of plant nutrients is no longer being returned to the land.
The final major human cause of desertification is soil salinization resulting from overirrigation.Excess water from irrigation sinks down into the water table.If no drainage system exists,the water table rises,bringing dissolved salts to the surface.The water evaporates and the salts are left behind,creating a white crustal layer that prevents air and water from reaching the underlying soil.
The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected,as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.Once the soil has been removed by erosion,only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form.In areas where considerable soil still remains,though,a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.

木柴是主要的燃料,在许多国家,用于做饭和加热使用.日益增多的人口压力增大导致滥用木本植物,现在完全缺乏大面积的树木和灌木包围,使许多城市和城镇.用动物废弃物作为替代燃料的使用增加,也伤害了土壤,因为这宝贵的土壤调理剂和植物营养的来源不再是被用过的土地.
人类对荒漠化的原因是最后的主要造成土壤盐碱化.多余的水从灌溉汇到地下水位下降.如果没有存在的排水系统,地下水位上升,将溶解盐的表面.留下的水分蒸发和盐,创造一个白色的地壳达到底层的土壤层,以阻止空气和水.
荒漠化土地的广大地区和受灾群众有着巨大的数字,以及有很大的困难扭转甚至减缓的过程结果的极端严重性.一旦土壤被侵蚀或删除,仅通过几百年或几千年将会有新的土壤形成.仍然有破坏土壤的地方,虽然,严格执行土地保护和覆盖作物种植的方案可能使人们有可能扭转目前的表面恶化.