arents have to do much less for their children today than th

arents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do,and home has become much less of a workshop.Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked,canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant,the work’s canteen,and the school dining-room.
It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home,and his children rarely,if ever,see him at his place of work.Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation,and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls.The young wage-earner often earns good money,and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence.In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work,but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life,the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years.With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century.When mother works,economic advantages accrue,but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.
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现在家长照顾孩子时很多事情不再需要亲力亲为,而家庭也不再如同一个手工作坊一样了.衣服可以买现成的,洗衣服可以去洗衣店,食物可以直接买,烹饪的,罐头的或腌制的.面包可以做好后送到家里,牛奶可以送到门前台阶上,想吃肉可以去饭店、公司或学校的食堂.
现在父亲很少在家里完成商务或其他工作,而孩子即使有,也很少有机会在公司看到父亲.男孩子这样就很少有机会可以继承父亲的工作,而在城镇里他们则有更多的工作选择,当然对女孩也是一样的.年轻的工作者往往工资很好,并迅速获得经济独立的感觉.在纺织业发达区域,过去的传统是母亲在外工作.但是这种传统现在扩散开来,所以对于孩子来说,工作妈妈已经不再是个不寻常的因素了.在过去的25年里,工作妈妈的数量提高了2倍.母亲挣钱了,长子也挣钱了,父亲不再是世纪初那样,是家里的主宰地位.母亲来工作,经济优势积累,但是相对于从学校回家后可以得到母亲的迎接,孩子们失去了一些重要的东西.