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In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico,and after t

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In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico,and after the war won by the USA,Mexico had to
give California to the USA.这句话中the war won by the USA 译为 美国获得了战争的胜利,这里用by表示什么?为什么
won在这里是动词的过去分词做后置定语.所以by应该是表被动.
the war won by the USA指一场被美国赢得了的战争.