apart from; except; besides 的差别

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apart from; except; besides 的差别
RT

1) besides 表示“除 … 以外,（还,也）”,相当于 in addition to.例如:
Besides English,they also study math,physics and chemistry
除了英语以外,他们还学习数学,物理和化学.
注意:不要将besides和beside 混淆.beside是“在…旁边”的意思.
2) except 表示“除…外,（其余都）…”,常与all,every,no,none,nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用.
except 是英语中少数用法最为活跃的介词之一,其后除了可跟名（代）词外,还可跟另一介词短语、动词不定式短语或 that 引导的从句 .例如:
He answered all the questions except the last one.
除了最后一个问题外,所有的问题他都回答了.
I went nowhere except to the library.除了图书馆以外,我哪儿都没有去.
试比较:
We all went except him.除了他（没去）以外,我们都去了.
Three others also went besides him.除了他（去了）以外,还去了三个人.
[注] except 与 except for区别
except for 也表示“除 … 以外”,但是和 except 不同的是:与 except 连用的整体词和 except 所跟的词常常是同类的,是指整体除去一部份; 而与 except for 连用的整体词与 except for 所跟的词往往不是同类的,是指整体中除去一个细节.例如:
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误以外,你的作文写得很好.
Except for an old lady,the bus was empty.除了有一个老太太以外,这辆公共汽车是空的.
3) apart from 表示“除 …之外”.根据上、下文的不同,它既可用作 besides,也可用作 except 和 except for.例如:
Apart from them,I had no one to talk to.（= except）
除了他们以外,我没有人说话.
Apart from other considerations,time is also a factor.(=besides）
除了别的考虑之外,时间也是一个因素.
(It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults.(= except for）
除了几个小毛病以外,这是一篇佳作.

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