sure ,for certain 与certainly的具体区别

sure ,for certain 与certainly的具体区别

1.“I ' m sure…”与“I ' m certain…”均可译为“我深信（确）信……”,但两者的含义却不同.前者表示一种主观上的判断或感觉,事实并不一定如此.后者强调的则是客观事实,意为主语已经知道后面的内容是既定的事实.试比较下面一组句子：I ' m sure he didn ' t steal it.He isn ' t that kind of person.我确信他没偷,他不是那种人.I ' m certain he didn ' t break the cup.I broke it myself.我敢肯定他没有打碎那个茶杯,（因为）那个茶杯是我打碎的.2.如果it作为形式主语代替从句时,则其后的表语用certain,而不能用sure.如：It isn ' t certain whether he will give us a report next Monday.下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定.3.两者在作定语时含义不同：sure意为“可靠的；无误的”；而certain若修饰可数名词,意为“某一；某些；某种；一些”,若修饰抽象名词,表示程度,意为“有点；有些”.如：The letter was sent by a sure hand.信已由一位可靠的人寄出了.He made a sure answer.他回答得准确无误.A certain person called on me yesterday.昨天有个人来找过我.4.在祈使句中常用sure,不宜用certain.如：Be sure and remember what I told you.千万要记住我对你讲的话.Be sure to write and tell me all the good news.务必写信告诉我所有的好消息.5.口语中,sure常作副词,用在肯定答语中替代surely,这时与of course,certainly意思相当,而certain不可作副词用.如：—Would you please turn down the radio a little bit?请你把收音机音量拧小点,好吗?—Sure.当然可以.用于 for certain /for sure ,意为“肯定地”、“确切地”等,两者可互换.如：I can’t say for certain [sure] when he will come.我不敢肯定地说他什么时候来.No one knows for sure [certain] what happened to her.没有人确切地知道她出了什么事.certainly是一般的副词,可用于修饰动词,或者作肯定的回答时说.参考：http://www.yywords.com/Article/200802/75.html http://www.chinaedu.com/eol/023gz/eo302_4.htm