英语翻译千万别拿什么翻译器 Ironically,government policies that aim to ben

英语翻译
千万别拿什么翻译器
Ironically,government policies that aim to benefit MSEs may suppress growth if they provide disincentives for employment expansion.For example,India offers attractive incentives to small enterprises,but by some accounts,these measures backfire because growth beyond a specified level entails losing valued benefits (Little,Mazumdar,& Page,1987; Mitra & Pingali,1999).The manufacture of certain products in India is reserved for small firms,which reduces incentives for firm expansion (World Bank,2005).Some owners even split up their MSEs into several enterprises in an effort to make them look smaller (Kashyap,1988).
While there appears to be consensus on what constitutes a negative business environment,much less has been written about what a positive one looks like.There are a few generally
agreed upon characteristics,however:a stable macroeconomic environment; the existence of mechanisms for contract enforcement and dispute resolution; consistency,so that business
owners know what to expect and can assess risks; an uninhibited flow of capital for foreign and domestic investment;a flexible labor regime; access to information; and investment in education and technology.
The recognition that not all small firms will grow,combined with a rigorous segmentation that profiles what different types of MSEs are most likely to need,offers a powerful alternative
to traditional small enterprise development programs.Traditionally,donors have conducted “needs assessments” to identify the constraints affecting small firms in a particular region,
country,or sector.This type of research,however,frequently makes implicit assumptions that are not accurate for all MSEs.For example,many traditional programs assume that entrepreneurs aim to grow their firms,and as a result,interventions may be designed with the sole purpose of stimulating such growth.These programs may be deemed failures and discontinued if they do not result in broad-based MSE growth.New approaches to design,intervention,and evaluation cycles based on the insights of this and future studies offer the potentialfor improved development outcomes.
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