帮忙找一篇外文文献，关于运动减肥的。100分

帮忙找一篇外文文献，关于运动减肥的。100分
如题。最好是中英文都有，2000个字，一到两篇。没有英文的中文的也行
谢谢了
给我本书也没用的啊。要外文文献……外文文献，外文，外文，外文外文外文外文

减肥类：
　　一： How to Lose Weight
　　It seems that many people today are overweight. No one wants to carry around extra pounds, lout few people know how to slum down effectively. They look for miracle pills and magic cures. In the end, they fail and the pounds come back. But the most effective way of losing weight is actually very simple. It is a combination of a good diet and proper exercise. What makes it work is determination. It requires discipline and commitment to succeed. Here is an example that proves the truth of these words.
　　My aunt had been trying to lose weight for years. She went on one diet after another, but none of them worked. She lost a lot of weight quickly only to have it come back. Finally, she followed her doctor's advice and began to eat a simple, well-balanced diet. She ate lots of fruits and vegetables and avoided high-fat foods. In addition, she joined an exercise class. She worked out three times a week. At first, my aunt wasn't happy because the weight came off so slowly. But her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and eventually she reached her goal. Best of all, she was able to stay at her ideal weight. That was because she had developed healthy new habits.
　　如何减肥
　　现在似乎有许多人的体重都过重。没有人会希望身上有多余的重量，但是很少人知道如何才能有效地瘦下来。他们会去寻找特效药，以及神奇的治疗法。最后不仅失败，而且反弹了。但是事实上，最有效的减肥方法非常简单。主要就是结合均衡的饮食，以及适当的运动。成功的关键就是要有决心。成功需要自制和投入。以下这个例子，可以证明这个方法是正确的。
　　我阿姨试图减肥已经好多年了。她一次又一次地节食，但是没有一次成功。她的体重会快速地下降，但没多久就又反弹了。最后，她听从医生的建议，开始吃简单、均衡的饮食。她吃大量的蔬果，并避免高脂肪的食物。除此之外，她还去参加运动课程。她一星期运动三次。起初，我阿姨并不是很开心，因为体重下降得很慢。但是她的同学们鼓励她坚持下去，最后她终于达到目标。最棒的是，她能够维持她的理想体重。因为她已经养成健康的新生活习惯。
　　二： New Key to Obesity
　　人类肥胖原因新探
　　The discovery of the obesity gene in humans half a decade ago offered evidence that chronic weight gain is the consequence of a mismatch between nature and nurture. Simplistic explanations, such as blaming obesity on a drop in fat consumption, ignore scientific reality. In countries like India and China, obesity was virtually unknown until the introduction of a high-fat, Western-style diet.
　　5年前人类肥胖基因的发现提供了证据，从生物学的角度，证明了慢性体重增长是营养和身体本能不协调的结果。把肥胖归咎于脂肪消耗减少这样的解释过于简单，且忽略了科学实质。在许多国家，如印度或中国，直到引进了高脂肪西式饮食，肥胖症这个概念才为人所知。
　　One well-known reason for this is that dietary fat converts to body fat more effciently than does protein or carbohydrate, but recently scientists have uncovered what appears to be an equally important factor. Some researchers in universities are investigating the possibility that high levels of fat and fructose are mucking up our brain chemistry, and thereby muting the signals that would normally tell us to put down the fork. These signals are produced by peptides, which are regulated by a number of hormones. Under normal conditions these hormones help maintain a stable body weight by adjusting levels of the peptides that control eating. But a diet loaded with fat and fructose hampers the regulation of these hormones. Complicating matters still further is that the brain loses its ability to respond to these hormones as body fat increases -- so the obese are doubly penalized.
　　一个广为人知的原因是，食物中的脂肪比蛋白质或碳水化合物更易转化为身体中的脂肪。不过最近科学家发现一个看来同等重要的因素。一些大学学者在研究是否过量的脂肪和果糖会扰乱我们大脑中的化学物质，从而防碍大脑在正常情况下发出让我们放下餐叉的信号。这些信号通常是由缩氨酸产生的。而这些缩氨酸由很多荷尔蒙调节着。正常情况下，这些荷尔蒙调节控制进食的缩氨酸的水平从而有利于维持稳定的体重。不过含有过量脂肪和果糖的食物影响了这些荷尔蒙的调节功能。而且当身体脂肪增加的时候，大脑失去了对这些激素作出反应的能力--所以肥胖的人就更加容易肥胖。
　　Other researchers are finding evidence that constant exposure to fat and sugar can cause some humans to crave them as they do an addictive drug. A Princeton University psychologist recently showed that rats fed a high sugar diet were, when the sugar was removed, thrown into a state of anxiety similar to that seen in withdrawal from morphine or nicotine. Sarah Leibowitz, a neurobiologist, believes that frequent exposure to fatty foods may configure the brain to crave still more fat. She has shown in animal studies that galanin, a brain peptide that simulates eating behavior and decreases energy expenditure, increases when the animal eats a high-fat diet.
　　另外一些研究人员正在寻找证据证明持续食用脂肪和糖会导致人们想吃更多的脂肪和糖，就像吸毒上瘾一样。普林斯顿大学的一位心理学家最近指出，经常喂食高糖食物的老鼠，在没有糖吃的时候，就会显得很焦虑，跟停止服用吗啡或烟碱时十分相似。神经生物学家萨拉·莱博维茨认为，频繁食用脂肪含量高的食物，会使大脑有想要更多脂肪的思维模式。她对动物进行的研究显示，当动物食用高脂肪食物的时候，甘丙肽，一种刺激进食并减低能量消耗的大脑缩氨酸增加了。
　　There are many factors contributing to the explosion of obesity in the United States, and the world, but the radical changes in the composition of our diet are first among them. While scientific work in this arena is in its infancy, it's already clear that varying the amount of fat and other nutrients in the diet affects brain chemistry by activating certain genes, and this in turn directs our dietary preferences. By submitting ourselves to a steady dose of highly processed, sweet, high-fat foods, we have unwittingly entered into a dangerous experiment, the long? term consequences of which are only now beginning to surface.
　　导致美国和全世界肥胖人口剧增现象有很多因素，不过饮食结构的彻底改变当数头号原因。尽管科学家在这一领域的研究还处于初期，但已清楚地表明如果改变进食脂肪和其他营养物的数量就可以通过激活某些基因而影响大脑里的化学物质，从而指导着我们的进食取向。由于我们一直吃一定量的精加工高脂肪高糖食物，实际上我们已经在不知不觉中做了一个危险的实验，其长期后果现在才显露出来。
　　运动类：
　　一： 新型无绳跳绳帮助人们多做运动
　　Cordless Jump-Rope Can Help the Clumsy
　　And for that idea kicking around Clancy's head since 1988, the U.S. Patent Office this month awarded the 52-year-old Mansfield, Ohio, man a patent. Its number: 7037243. What makes this invention work is the moving weights inside the handles. They simulate the feel of a rope moving, Clancy said. 俄亥俄州的发明者克兰西从1988年起便产生了发明这种无绳跳绳的想法。本月，美国专利局对52岁的Clancy颁发了无绳跳绳专利证书。克兰西介绍说，无绳跳绳手柄中可以移动的重物会让使用者觉得是有绳索在移动。
　　But why jump rope without a rope?
　　It's perfect for the clumsy, Clancy said. "If you are still jumping, you're still using your legs as well as your arms, and getting the cardiovascular workout. You just don't have to worry about tripping on the rope." 但为什么非要去掉跳绳的绳呢？克兰西为此解释到，这对那些不善于跳绳的人来说是个绝佳的锻炼工具。他说：“经常跳绳可以让你的四肢得到充分活动，也有助于心血管的运动，而使用无绳跳绳你就不用担心被绳索绊着而终止跳跃。”
　　It is also good for mental institutions and prisons where rope is a suicide risk, said Clancy, who works as a laundry coordinator in a state prison. And low ceiling fans aren't a hazard any more, he said. 克兰西表示，无绳跳绳还可以避免那些精神病患者和罪犯用绳索自杀，而家中的吊扇安装得较低的人也不用担心在家跳绳的不方便了。
　　The idea isn't all that crazy, said Mike Ernst, a professor of kinesiology at California State University in Dominguez Hills.
　　The more he thought about it, the more Ernst said he could see the benefit, adding that ,"Do you need to jump with a rope? You don't," Ernst said. "But I wouldn't buy the product, I can tell you that. I'm not an idiot."
　　High-tech handles aren't needed. You could even use toilet paper holders, Ernst said. On second thought, he wondered if he could patent that idea. 然而，对这一发明，加利福尼亚州立大学运动机能学教授恩斯特表示：“这种产品是有可取之处的；但你需要一条绳索才能跳跃吗？其实你不需要。我不会购买这种产品，因为我不是一个白痴。另外，高技术的手柄其实毫无意义，因为你甚至可以手握卫生纸跳动起来。”
　　二：Exercise Myths 锻炼的秘密
　　Physical fitness is today's hot topic. And everywhere you turn you hear something new. But is it all true?
　　保健是当今的热门话题。无论你走到哪里，你都听到新奇的事情。但是，那都是正确的吗?
　　The more you sweat, the more fat you burn This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately, it's water they're losing, not fat.
　　流汗越多，消耗的脂肪越多 这个错误的观点鼓励人们在极热的环境下运动，或者穿好几层衣服或者穿橡胶或塑料减肥服，希望通过流汗将脂肪排出。不幸的是，排出去的是水而不是脂肪。
　　Fat burns when it is used as a fuel source for exercise, which doesn't happen initially. When you first begin to exercise, you burn carbohydrates or sugars. It takes about 20 minutes of easy to moderate aerobic activity before the transition from burning sugars to fat begins. (Aerobic exercise is any rhythmic and continuous activity that uses oxygen and large muscle masses of the body, such as the arms and legs. Examples are bicycle riding, jumping rope, walking, jogging, aerobic dance, and swimming.) So, to burn the flab, plan on working out at least 40 minutes.
　　作为一种燃料能源，脂肪只是在运动时才消耗。而且并不是在运动初始阶段就能奏效。当你开始运动时，你消耗的是碳水化合物，或者糖类。平缓进行有氧运动大约20分钟才会使你由消耗糖类向消耗脂肪过渡。(有氧运动就是有节奏的、持续的活动。它需要耗氧并且锻炼像手臂和腿部的大块肌肉。例如骑自行车、跳绳、步行、慢跑、跳舞和游泳)。所以说，要消耗脂肪，至少要运动40分钟。
　　No pain, no gain Many people tend to overdo their exercise programs looking for quick results. Doing so, however, may prove to be your downfall by resulting in injury or sore muscles.
　　Your best bet is to start any exercise program slowly and gradually increase the workout. We start people out with 15 minutes of stretching, 30 to 40 minutes of walking or walking/jogging, and end with 10 more minutes of stretching. This gives people a good beginning without the pain or injury.
　　不劳则无获 有些人倾向过度锻炼达到更快的效果。然而这样做可能造成伤害或引起肌肉疼痛。
　　最佳的方式就是缓慢地开始锻炼，然后逐渐增加运动量。我们让人们开始锻炼时，先用一刻钟的时间进行伸展运动，然后进行30到40分钟的步行或步行加慢跑，最后以10分钟的伸展运动结束。以这样的方式开始运动就会有个良好的开端，不会感到疼痛，也不会受到伤害。
　　Electric stimulation Electric stimulation may help make a muscle contract and tone it slightly, but this technique can't take the place of exercise, and it certainly won't help you lose weight. If you want to decrease body fat, you must do aerobic exercises.
　　Exercise increases appetite This is true for hard or intense exercise that lasts for 60 minutes or longer. Moderate exercise that is less than 60 minutes, however, will probably reduce your appetite for one to two hours.
　　用电疗代替锻炼 电疗可能有助于肌肉收缩，稍微变得结实，但是这种疗法不能代替锻炼，也不能帮助你减肥。如果你想减少脂肪，你必须要做有氧运动。
　　锻炼增加食欲 对于持续进行了1个小时或者更长时间的剧烈运动的人来说确实如此。然而，不到1个小时的平缓运动很可能在1至2个小时内减少你的食欲。
　　Exercise always lowers blood sugar Generally, exercise will lower blood sugar and it's best to prepare for exercise by eating before you start out. If your blood-sugar level is above 250 mg/dl, however, exercise could make it rise even higher.
　　You can get fit in 10 minutes a week This and similar claims are common, but untrue. There are no shortcuts to getting fit. Becoming fit takes work and the general rule is 20 minutes of aerobic activity three times a week. Consistency is the key. If you miss a day or two, don't try to compensate by doing double duty -- you open yourself up to injury.
　　通常锻炼总会降低血糖，锻炼将会降低血糖。在开始锻炼前你最好先吃点东西做准备。然而，如果你的血糖量高于250毫克/分升，锻炼会使你的血糖量升得更高。
　　每周10分钟的锻炼，你就能变得健康 这种说法和类似的观点很普遍，但不正确。健康之路无捷径。要想变得健康需要锻炼。通常的规则是每周进行3次，每次20分钟的有氧运动。坚持是关键。如果你错过了一、二天，不要通过加倍的运动来弥补，这样做你会受到伤害。
　　If you stop working out, your muscles will turn to fat If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more, you may gain back that spare tire that you worked so hard to lose. It's not, however, because your muscles turned to fat. Muscles may atrophy or lose their tone, but they won't turn to fat. Muscle is muscle and fat is fat.
　　如果你停止锻炼，你的肌肉将变成脂肪 如果你减少运动量，并且继续吃相同或更多的食物，你过去努力锻炼而减去的脂肪很可能会卷土重来。然而，这并不是因为你的肌肉变成了脂肪。肌肉可能萎缩或失去弹性，但是它们不能变成脂肪。肌肉就是肌肉，脂肪就是脂肪。
　　三：HEALTHIER WEIGHT 更健康的体重
　　Fewer vegetarians than meat-eaters are overweight. That doesn't mean avoiding meat is the key to weight control, though. With or without meat, filling up on fruits and vegetables instead of sweets, high-fat snack foods, high-sugar drinks and alcohol make weight control easier.
　　与食肉者相比，素食者较少超重。然而，这并不意味着不食肉是控制体重的关键。无论食肉或不食肉，只要摄入大量蔬果，以取代甜食、高脂快餐、高糖饮料和酒，都有利于控制体重。
　　One of the major heart-related benefits of vegetarian eating is probably the low level of cholesterol-raising saturated fat in these diets, but this doesn't mean completely omitting meat from the diet is necessary for good health. Foods like fish, skinless poultry and even lean red meats don't add much saturated fat, as long as portions are kept moderate. 素食对心脏保健的主要好处之一，就是这些膳食中含有较低的升胆固醇饱和脂肪，但这不意味着人要保持健康，就必须完全不吃肉。摄入适量鱼、去皮的家禽，甚至精瘦红肉等食物，都不会增加太多的饱和脂肪。
　　Cholesterol-raising trans fat is another issue to consider. A “vegetarian” diet rich in deep-fried or high-fat foods is far from healthful. 升胆固醇转化脂肪也是需要考虑的问题。如果“素食”多为油炸食品或高脂肪食品，那样一点也不利健康。
　　Some studies have linked red meat to a greater risk of colon cancer, but a new report in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition questions such a link. Even if cancer or heart disease is related to processed meats and sausages, high-fat meats and those cooked at high-temperatures (which form carcinogens), that doesn’t necessarily mean all meat, fish and poultry pose a risk. 有研究已发现，食牛羊肉者患结肠癌的危险较大，但是《欧洲临床营养学杂志》的一篇最新报告质疑了这种联系。虽然癌症或心脏病的发生与腌肉、香肠、肥肉和能形成致癌物的高温肉制品有关，但这也不能肯定所有的肉、鱼和家禽都具有危险。
　　AICR claims that vegetarian eating may reduce the risk of some cancers, but emphasizes that any beneficial effects of a vegetarian diet may also be gained from one that limits meat and other animal products, and emphasizes an abundance of a variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and beans. The same conclusion probably applies to heart-related and other health benefits of vegetarian eating. It’s not just what you avoid, it’s what you eat that counts. AICR认为，素食可以减少患某些癌症的危险，但适量吃肉和其它动物食品的人也可能得到素食的健康好处，前提要摄入大量的蔬菜、水果、谷类和豆类。这一结论可能也适用于素食对心脏的保健和其它健康好处。重要的不仅仅是你不吃什么，而是你吃了什么。