英语翻译ABSTRACT:Well-oriented and twin ZnO nanoarray assemblies

英语翻译
ABSTRACT:Well-oriented and twin ZnO nanoarray assemblies have been fabricated using the aqueous solution deposition technique at low temperature.Polyethylenimine was added to the zinc nitrate hex hydrate hexamethylenetetramine aqueous solution during the deposition processes at 88 °C.The formation mechanism of twin ZnO nanoarray assemblies was clarified by X-ray diffraction,a field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope.The addition of polyethylenimine resulted in the formation of zinc hydroxide and zinc hydroxide nitrate dihydrate (Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2 2H2O) as the intermediate phases.In situ forced hydrolysis of the cloudlike intermediate phase Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2 2H2O effectively provided nucleation sites and reduced the interface energy barrier for ZnO crystal growth,and promoted preferential growth along the [0001] direction by heterogeneous nucleation through the dissolution reprecipitation of zinc hydroxide.The formation of twin ZnO assemblies should be attributed to kinetic confinement and thermodynamic motivation.
Introduction
Wurtzite zinc oxide (ZnO) possesses unique optical and electronic properties due to its wide band gap (3.37 eV) semiconductor and a large binding energy (60 meV).ZnO has a wide range of applications in the functional devices,catalysts,pigments,optical materials,cosmetics,nanostructure varistors,UV absorbers,gas sensors and industrial additives.Micro-structure and chemical properties of ZnO particles depend on the synthesis method of this material.Various methods generally were adopted to prepare ZnO particles such as the sol gel method,the micro-emulsion method,thermal decomposition,hydrothermal synthesis,chemical bath deposition and vapor phase transport.Different synthesis methods gave ZnO particles of various sizes and shapes,such as sheet like and platelike,rose like,starlike and needlelike,flower,disk and dumb-bell-like,flowerlike made up of thin nanosheets,tetraneedle-like,tower-like and tubelike,and ellipsoidal.Solution-based approaches such as chemical bath deposition with a defined range of experimental conditions for growing crystalline ZnO have been investigated due to its advantages such as simplicity,reproducibility and cost effectiveness.The use of an organic compound,hexamethylenetetramine that forms a base by hydrolysis is reported widely in the growth of ZnO precipitates and thin films in an aqueous solution.The morphology and size were affected by the temperature,pH value and reaction time in aqueous solution.Controlling the size and morphology of ZnO particles is a matter of considerable importance for the manufacture of microcrystalline particles,as for many applications both the size and shape of the particles determine the usefulness of the product.

毕业设计又不自己做啊~~我毕业也是做的zno薄膜的,就来帮你翻译一下吧.不过我可不是高分子专业的哦,更不是什么大神~~（你打dota呢.）O(∩_∩)O
我光电专业的,有些地方翻的不准你自己稍微修改下吧~~都是自己一句一句打的啊.
引言：高度导向的Zno双纳米阵列已经通过低温水沉积技术编造出来,
在硝酸锌和环六亚甲基四胺的88度的混合溶液里面添加聚乙烯
亚胺,通过局部发光扫描电子显微镜和高分辨电子显微镜可以
观察到,zno双纳米阵列的结构在X光的衍射下清晰的呈现.聚
乙烯亚胺在反应暂态生成氢氧化锌以及氢氧化锌硝酸盐二水合
物,然后其水解成云雾状的 Zn5(OH)8(NO3)2 2H2O,它能够有
效的聚集成核并使zno晶态能障降低,通过氢氧化锌的分解再
沉积后进行的异质核化使得其在[0001]方向上优先生长.Zno双
纳米阵列定会被应用于动力学和热学的革新上.
简介
氧化锌的独特的光电特性取决于它的半导体禁带宽度和其巨大的
结合能量.氧化锌在催化剂,色素,光学材料,美容制品,纳米
压敏电阻,紫外吸收器,气体传感器,工业添加剂等功能设施上
都有广泛的应用.zno颗粒的微结构和化学特性主要取决于它的
合成方式.常见的有溶胶凝胶方式,微乳液方式,热分解方式以及
水热合成法,化学浴沉积和气相运输.不同的制程使得氧化锌颗粒
有着不同的形状与结构,诸如网状,层状,玫瑰状,星状,针状
花状,盘状,哑铃状,其中花状有薄的纳米网,四针状,塔状,管
状和椭圆状.基于解决方案的研究途径,如在清晰实验条件下zno晶体
生长的化学浴沉积法已经在研究中,其优势在于制程简单,可重复性高
成本效益好.有机化合物的使用,环六亚甲基四胺水解形成的基底
已经在zno的沉积和薄膜制作中被广泛的报道.其形态和大小受温度
PH值和水溶液反应时间的影响.控制ZnO颗粒形态大小是晶体制作的
重要环节,因为在很多应用中,其颗粒的大小形态都决定了产品的
有用与否.
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eason_china@sina.com