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交际(交际用语)

来源:学生作业帮 编辑:作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/05/11 01:13:57
请老师帮助归纳一下在英语考试中常见的交际用语
解题思路: 依附语境,灵活掌握。
解题过程:
 一、祝愿及相关客套用语
  例题1. I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.
  _______! (NMET2002)
   A. Cheers B. Good luck
  C. Come on D. Congratulations
分析:一方说明天要参加驾驶测试,根据英语语言习惯,另一方应该祝对方好运,故答案为B。
cheers 干杯 Come on 快些,赶紧的,算了吧 Congratulations 祝贺
  例题2. I had a really good weekend at my uncle’s.
   ______. (NMET1999)
   A. that’s very nice of you
  B. Congratulations
  C. It’s a pleasure
  D. Oh, I’m glad to hear that
分析:本题从四个选项的表意功能来看:A表示“你真是太好了”;B表示祝贺(如:祝贺对方取得成功);C是回答Thank you.的用语;只有Oh, I’m glad to hear that.是最符合语境的客套语,故答案为D。
A 谢谢 C 不用谢=It’s my pleasure=a/my pleasure D 很高兴听到这个。
  二、“打电话”中的惯用语
  例题3. Hello. May I speak to Zhao Hua?
  Yes, _______. (MET1992)
  A. my name’s Zhao Hua
  B. Zhao Hua’s me
  C. this is Zhao Hua speaking
  D. I’m Zhao Hua
  分析:接电话时,常说This is sb. speaking, 而不说I’m ...,故答案为C。
  例题4. Good morning, Grand Hotel.
   Hello, I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.
  _______ (NMET2001)
  A. What can I do for you?
  B. Just a minute, please.
  C. What’s the matter?
  D. At your service.
分析:服务员接到电话后,需要查一下登记情况,故正确答案为B(请稍等)。
A 服务员的第一句话“您要什么” B 稍等 C 怎么了?谁都可以说这句话 D服务场合电话常用语“为您服务”
  三、表示感谢、邀请和应答感谢的用语
  例题5. Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me.
  _______. (上海1997)
  A. No thanks
  B. I’m glad you like it
  C. Please don’t say so
  D. No, it’s not so good
  分析:本题所提供的情景是一方收到对方送的书之后表示感谢,四个选项中只有I’m glad you like it.符合西方人的习惯,故答案为B。其余都是汉式英语。
  例题6. I enjoyed the food very much.
  I’m glad you like it. Please drop in any time you like.
  _______ (上海2001春)
  A. Is it all right?
  B. I’m afraid I won’t be free.
  C. Yes, I will.
  D. That’s great.
  分析:对对方“常来坐坐”的邀请,应用Yes, I will.或Certainly, I will.回答,故答案为C。
  四、饭店用语
  例题7. Waiter!
    _______
   I can’t eat this. It’s too salty. (NMET2000)
  A. Yes, sir? B. What? C. All right? D. Pardon?
分析:本题提供了一个大家常经历的场景??在饭店叫服务员。Yes?是饭店服务员对客人呼唤的应答语,意为“什么事?” 故答案为A。
A 什么事?用语应声回答 B你说什么? C 行吗? D 请再说一遍?
  例题8. Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide?
  Of course. _______, sir. (NMET2004 II)
  A. Make yourself at home
  B. Enjoy yourself
  C. It doesn’t matter
  D. Take your time
分析: take your time意为“不着急,慢慢来”,符合语境,故答案为D。
A 请随便,别客气 B 玩好 C 没关系,回答对不起
  五、将词义辨析、语法等知识的考查融入交际用语中
  例题9. Do you want tea or coffee?
  _______. I really don’t mind. (北京2000春)
  A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
  分析: 本题考查特定语境中词义的辨析。根据I really don’t mind.可知后者不介意喝茶还是喝咖啡,故答案为C。
  例题10. Why haven’t you bought any butter?
  I _______ to,but I forgot about it. (北京2001春)
  A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected
  分析:本题既考查语言运用能力,又考查词义的辨析。根据语境可知此处表示“我本来打算去……,但……”,故答案为C。
  例题11. Has Sam finished his homework today?
  I have no idea. He ______ it this morning. (NMET2004 II)
  A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
  分析:根据语境,此处应理解为“他今天上午一直在做作业”。表示过去某段时间内一直进行的动作应用过去进行时态,故答案为C。
  例题12. Do you think I should get a good guidebook?
  Yes, of course. _______, you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. (北京2004春)
  A. What’s more
  B. In other words
  C. By the way
  D. All in all
  分析:本题是在交际用语中考查习惯用语。根据上文的提问和下文的also可知,此处表示补充说明。in other words换句话说;by the way顺便说;all in all总而言之,均与句意不符,故答案为A(What’s more此外)。
  例题13. I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
  It _______ true because there was little snow there. (北京2002)
  A. may not be
  B. won’t be
  C. couldn’t be
  D. mustn’t be
  分析:本题是在交际用语中考查情态动词的用法。根据because从句和上句的意思可判断,此处应该表示 “不可能”,故答案为C。注意:may not表示“可能不”。
  例题14. Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.
   Where was I?
  You _______ you didn’t like your father’s job. (北京2004春)
  A. had said B. said
  C. were saying D. had been saying
  分析:本题是在交际用语中考查动词的时态。根据语境我们可以知道:一方讲话被打断之后,想继续下去,询问“说到哪儿了?”所以另一方的回答应该指出刚才停止的那一刻。表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时,故答案为C。
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最终答案:略