英语翻译There are two different types of AEs.They can either hav

英语翻译
There are two different types of AEs.They can either have explicit timestamps attached,or the event-time can be implicit,simply when an address is communicated.of course only timestamped AEs are suitable for packetized transmission or storage.Attaching a timestamp to an event is called monitoring,sending out an event timed according to its timestamp is called sequencing.
These systems are typically composed of one or more neuromorphic sensors (e.g.[5],[6]),of additional VLSI chips that implement general-purpose computa¬tional architectures,often based on networks of silicon neurons and synapses .
PARALLEL VERSUS SERIAL AER
With the speeds that AER chips and systems have recently reached,the parallel AER approach in board to board communication has become a limiting factor at the system level potentially causing unreliable behavior.
With the frequencies on parallel AER in the order of tens of megahertz,the wavelength of those frequencies has shrunk to about the order of magnitude of the lengths involved in our experimental setups,or only slightly larger.
One rule of thumb in electrical engineering says that if the signal wavelength is not at least one to two orders of magnitude greater than the physical size of the system,then the RF properties of the signals have to be taken into account:wires can no longer be assumed to be perfect conductances with the same potential at every point,but have to be treated as transmission lines.
If these problems are not taken into account,issues such as RF sensitivity,cross-talk and ground-bounce arrise,especially in parallel AER links using ribbon cables.These issues can best be solved by resorting to serial differential signaling.
General Trend towards Serial Differential Signaling
Single-Ended Signaling — Differential Signaling:The issues referred to above with the parallel approach have also played a major role in industrial and consumer electronics in general.The solution has been to use even faster,but differential links,and to carefully control the line impedance at every point between the sender and receiver.
In such a differential signaling scheme there is always a pair of wires that carry signals of opposite sense.The absolute value of the voltages on the signal wires does not have any meaning,only the voltage difference between the two wires of the pair has.
These so called differential pairs are then usually shielded,thus avoiding the problems of RF sensitivity and cross-talk to other signal wires.
Because of the differential signaling,the ground-bounce problem is also solved.A differential driver always pushes as much charge into one wire as it pulls from the other.Thus the net charge flow is always zero.

There are two different types of AEs.They can either have explicit timestamps attached,or the event-time can be implicit,simply when an address is communicated.of course only timestamped AEs are suitable for packetized transmission or storage.Attaching a timestamp to an event is called monitoring; sending out an event timed according to its timestamp is called sequencing.
These systems are typically composed of one or more neuromorphic sensors (e.g.[5],[6]),of additional VLSI chips that implement general-purpose computational architectures,often based on networks of silicon neurons and synapses .
AE有两种类型.当地址被传达时,一种是附有明确的时间戳,另一种则是事件时间可能是隐性的.当然,只附有时间戳的AE才适合作信息包传输或储存.将事件附上时间戳称为监控；按时间戳定时发送事件称作定序.
这些系统通常由一个或多个额外VLSI芯片的神经形态传感器组成（例[5],[6]）；用于执行通用的计算体系结构,通常是基于硅神经元和突触网络.
PARALLEL VERSUS SERIAL AER
With the speeds that AER chips and systems have recently reached,the parallel AER approach in board to board communication has become a limiting factor at the system level potentially causing unreliable behavior.
With the frequencies on parallel AER in the order of tens of megahertz,the wavelength of those frequencies has shrunk to about the order of magnitude of the lengths involved in our experimental setups,or only slightly larger.
One rule of thumb in electrical engineering says that if the signal wavelength is not at least one to two orders of magnitude greater than the physical size of the system,then the RF properties of the signals have to be taken into account:wires can no longer be assumed to be perfect conductance with the same potential at every point,but have to be treated as transmission lines.
If these problems are not taken into account,issues such as RF sensitivity,cross-talk and ground-bounce arrise,especially in parallel AER links using ribbon cables.These issues can best be solved by resorting to serial differential signaling.
并行AER与串行AER的比较
按AER芯片与系统最近所能达到的速度,并行AER的方式在系统级上,主板与主板通信方面已成为一种限制性因素,可能导致不可靠行为.
并行AER的频率有几十兆赫,但这些频率的波长却收缩至大约类似我们的实验设备所涉及的波长数量级,或者只稍微大些.
电机工程的经验法则说,如果信号波长比系统的实际规模没有较大于一个或两个数量级,那就必须要考虑信号的无线电射频的特性,电线已不可认为是在每个点上都有同样电位的理想传导,而应该被当作传输线路.
如果不考虑这些难题,将会出现RF的灵敏性、串扰和地电压反弹的问题,尤其是使用带状电缆衔接的并行AE.这些问题的最佳解决方法就是采取串行的差分信号技术.
General Trend towards Serial Differential Signaling Single-Ended Signaling — Differential Signaling:The issues referred to above with the parallel approach have also played a major role in industrial and consumer electronics in general.The solution has been to use even faster,but differential links,and to carefully control the line impedance at every point between the sender and receiver.
In such a differential signaling scheme there is always a pair of wires that carry signals of opposite sense.The absolute value of the voltages on the signal wires does not have any meaning,only the voltage difference between the two wires of the pair has.
These so called differential pairs are then usually shielded,thus avoiding the problems of RF sensitivity and cross-talk to other signal wires.
Because of the differential signaling,the ground-bounce problem is also solved.A differential driver always pushes as much charge into one wire as it pulls from the other.Thus the net charge flow is always zero.
串行差分信号技术的总体趋势是单端信令 – 差分信令:上述采用并行方式所遭遇的问题也经常出现在一般的工业与民用电子业.解决方案是采用更快的,但要差分链接,并且要小心控制在发送方与接收方之间的每个点上的线路阻抗.
在这种差分信号计划中总有一双线载送反指向信号.信号线的电压绝对值没有任何意义,只有这两条线的压差是关键.
这些所谓的差分双线通常会被屏蔽,这样可以避免RF灵敏性和串扰其他信号线的难题.
地电压反弹的问题也因为采用差分信令而解决了.
差分系统的驱动器推进一条线的电荷总是与从另一条线所抽出的电荷是一样的；因此净电荷的流动率总是零.
【英语牛人团】