英语翻译Jane Austen inherited the epistolary mode of writing nov

英语翻译
Jane Austen inherited the epistolary mode of writing novels from the 18th century,notably from Samuel Richardson,whose novels are written completely in the form of letters.She retained the device and adapted the method successfully by weaving her letters into the natural narrative of dialogue and description.Often these letters form narrative crisis points or indicate a new direction in the plot.The letter is thus used as a dramatic device in the novel to further the plot,help with the revelation of character,reflecting writing and speaking style,revealing intimate feelings and in the exposition of the theme.
3.1 Further the Plot
In all there are mainly six to seven letters in the novel which help in the unraveling of the plot.The first letter written by Mr.Collins,“...if you should have no objection to receive me into your house,I propose myself the satisfaction of waiting on you and your family,Monday,November 18th,by four o’clock,and shall probably trespass on your hospitality till the Saturday se’nnight following...” (p.g.67) announcing his arrival anticipates the role he is to play in the plot.His later letters about how Mr.Bennet should treat Lydia or his retailing the gossip that Elizabeth will shortly be engaged to Darcy,show Jane Austen using the letter as a plot device.This she does naturally and unobtrusively,with Jane’s letters to Elizabeth (at first misdirected) “Since writing the above,dearest Lizzy,something has occurred of a most unexpected and serious nature,but I am afraid of alarming you—be assured that we are all well.What I have to say relates to poor Lydia.An express came at twelve last night,just as we were all gone to bed,from Colonel Foster,to inform us that she was gone off to Scotland with one of his officers,to own the truth,with Wickham!...” (p.g.273),providing information on Lydia’s crisis,and Mrs.Gardiner’s letter to Elizabeth,“...On the very day of my coming home from Longbourn,your uncle had a most unexpected visitor.Mr.Darcy called,and was shut up with him several hours...”,“...From what I can collect,he left Derbyshire only one day after ourselves,and came to town with the resolution of hunting for them...”,“...Since such were her feelings,it only remained,he thought,to secure and expedite a marriage,which,in his very first conversation with Wickham,he easily learnt had never been his design...” (p.g.203).These letters all reveal Darcy’s part in the arranged wedding of Lydia and Wickham.
Elizabeth’s letters to her aunt,Mrs.Gardiner are also significant in revelation of character and relationship between the two.Darcy’s letter to Elizabeth explains his past dealings with Wickham.

Jane Austen inherited the epistolary mode of writing novels from the 18th century, notably from Samuel Richardson, whose novels are written completely in the form of letters. She retained the device and adapted the method successfully by weaving her letters into the natural narrative of dialogue and description. Often these letters form narrative crisis points or indicate a new direction in the plot. The letter is thus used as a dramatic device in the novel to further the plot, help with the revelation of character, reflecting writing and speaking style, revealing intimate feelings and in the exposition of the theme.
【译文】珍.奥斯汀(Jane Austen)的小说风格是继承了18世纪那种书信体风格,很明显继承了萨缪尔理查德森(Samuel Richardson)完全以书信体的格式来写的风格.她用自然的对话和描述来编排她的信件,她一直使用这样的写法并通过将语言和描述成功地交织在一起的方式将这一写作方法加以改进.通常来说,这种书信体会用一些情节来描述紧要关头或预示一个新的趋势.这些信函在小说中可以当作一个戏剧性的设计来促进小说情节的发展,也可以起到揭示（人物）性格的作用,反射出写作和讲话的风格,对人们有启迪作用,并使主题得以展示.
【译文】3.1 深入情节
在小说中总的主要有6、7封信在帮助故事情节的发展. 柯林斯先生在第一封信中宣布他的到来： “……如果你不反对在你家中接待我的话,我希望能在11月18日,星期一四点钟之前拜访你和你的家人,可能会打搅你到星期六还有接下来的一周……” (第67页),这预示了他在情节中所要扮演的角色.
His later letters about how Mr. Bennet should treat Lydia or his retailing the gossip that Elizabeth will shortly be engaged to Darcy, show Jane Austen using the letter as a plot device. This she does naturally and unobtrusively, with Jane’s letters to Elizabeth (at first misdirected) “Since writing the above, dearest Lizzy, something has occurred of a most unexpected and serious nature, but I am afraid of alarming you—be assured that we are all well. What I have to say relates to poor Lydia.
【译文】他的后几封信要么是有关班纳特先生应该如何对待丽迪娅的问题,要么就是传播伊丽莎白很快就要跟达西订婚的流言蜚语.作者简•奥斯汀正是利用这些信作为情节发展的工具.在这点上,她处理得自然得体,让人丝毫不觉得唐突,这体现在简写给伊丽莎白的信中（开始时写错了地址）：“最亲爱的伊丽莎白,我在写上文时,有件最让人意想不到却又十分严重的事情发生了.我恐怕要提醒你——请保证我们都很好.我所要说的事关可怜的丽迪娅.”
An express came at twelve last night, just as we were all gone to bed, from Colonel Foster, to inform us that she was gone off to Scotland with one of his officers, to own the truth, with Wickham!...” (p.g.273), providing information on Lydia’s crisis, and Mrs. Gardiner’s letter to Elizabeth, “... On the very day of my coming home from Longbourn, your uncle had a most unexpected visitor. Mr. Darcy called, and was shut up with him several hours...”, “...From what I can collect, he left Derbyshire only one day after ourselves, and came to town with the resolution of hunting for them...”, “...Since such were her feelings, it only remained, he thought, to secure and expedite a marriage, which, in his very first conversation with Wickham, he easily learnt had never been his design...” (p.g.203).These letters all reveal Darcy’s part in the arranged wedding of Lydia and Wickham.
Elizabeth’s letters to her aunt, Mrs. Gardiner are also significant in revelation of character and relationship between the two. Darcy’s letter to Elizabeth explains his past dealings with Wickham.
【译文】“ 昨晚十二点,正当我们都已经上床时,福斯特上校寄来快递通知我们：丽迪娅已经跟他的一名军官一起离开去了苏格兰,就是和魏克翰一起走的! ……”(第273页), 这里提供了有关丽迪娅陷入危机的信息.而Gardiner夫人在写给伊丽莎白的信中揭示了达西在安排丽迪娅和魏克翰结婚上所起的作用：“……我从Longbourn回到家的那天,达西出人意料地来拜访你叔叔,他们关在房内待了好几个小时……”, “……据我所知,他在我们离开德贝郡后隔天也走了,来到镇上决定把他们找出来…… ”, “……既然她的感情如此,他想剩下的就是确保并加速婚礼的举行.而在他和魏克翰的第一次交谈中他就轻易看出结婚这档事并不在魏克翰的打算之内.……”(第203页).
伊丽莎白写给舅妈Gardiner夫人的那些信在揭示两人的性格和相互关系上也起了做要作用.达西写给伊丽莎白的信解释了他与魏克翰达成的交易.