英语翻译24.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements:

英语翻译
24.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements:basic moral duties,practical rules which promote efficiency,and artificial,optional graces such as formal compliments to,say,women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.
In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age.Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people.Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania,the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders.In England,until about a century ago,young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission,Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other.Before the invention of the fork,etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use,etiquette suggested that after spitting,a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.
Extremely refined behavior,however,cultivated as an art of gracious living,has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure,which admitted women as the social equals of men.After the fall of Rome,the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth century Provence,in France.
Provence had become wealthy.The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades,and there the ideals of chivalry grew up,which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration,and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds,though he would never come physically close to her.This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love,which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.

24.每一条礼节准则都包含着三个元素：基本的道德义务,提高效率的实用规则及（一些善意的谎言）例如正式的称赞,会说一位女士很漂亮或者称赞上级很慷慨很重要.
第一类是针对适用年龄比较虚弱或者值得尊敬的人考虑的.在古埃及中,年轻人总是站在老人的前面.在（这块你是不是写错了,Moponguwe 是姆彭戈韦是赞比亚的一个省,而Tanzania是坦桑尼亚,你在看看有没有打错）,当年轻男人路过长辈的棚屋时,还要鞠躬.在英国,直到一个世纪之前 ,小孩都不能擅自坐在父母的前面,实用规则在这样普通的社交生活中是很有帮助的,例如在聚会上做合适的介绍或者其他的一些作用使人们能够加速彼此的认识.在餐叉发明之前,礼节把手指保持干净作为准则；再手帕得到普遍使用之前,礼节认为一个人在吐痰之后应该把痰不被察觉地拈在脚下.
然而,一些被当作一种风雅的生活方式艺术来培养的优雅的举止行为已经成为上层社会用来休闲的特色,也代表着男女平等.在罗马诞生之后,第一个欧洲社会就按照十二世纪法国普罗旺斯的复杂的礼节准则为依据规定了私人生活的一些礼节.
普罗旺斯已经很富有了.上帝已经从十字架上返回到他们城堡中,在那里骑士精神理念逐渐形成,强调女性的贞操美德及要求骑士应该向将成为他的灵魂,愿意为之付出应用行动的女人承诺一段纯洁专一的爱,尽管他可能永远也不会在身体上靠近她.这就是影响了文学几百年今天仍存活于简单的流行歌曲和廉价的小说中的浪漫爱情观念的引入.