英语翻译何出此名「第十二夜」这个名称,是因圣诞节后的第十二天,即一月六日,是一个节日,即所谓「十二日节」（Twelfth

英语翻译
何出此名
「第十二夜」这个名称,是因圣诞节后的第十二天,即一月六日,是一个节日,即所谓「十二日节」（Twelfthtide）,又称「主显节」（Epiphany）,纪念耶稣诞生后,东方的博士於此日来到伯利恒朝拜耶稣的故事.在这一天,不仅教堂里要照例举行仪式,在宫廷里和贵族家里也常常演剧庆祝,莎士比亚此剧显然是为这样的节日而写的.故命名为第十二夜.
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《第十二夜》描写孪生兄妹西巴斯辛和薇奥拉在海上航行遇险,先后流落到伊利里亚.这里的统治者奥西诺公爵正在向一位名叫奥丽维亚的贵族小姐求婚,却遭到拒绝.薇奥拉女扮男装,化名西萨里奥做了公爵的少年侍人.从此,爱上奥西诺公爵的薇奥拉作为爱情的使者,奔跑于奥西诺和奥丽维亚之间,凭着她与自己孪生哥哥相貌异常相像,顺利解决了一系列复杂而又严重的爱情冲突.钟情少年侍从薇奥拉的奥丽维亚成了薇奥拉哥哥的妻子；而饱受对奥丽维亚单相思之苦的奥西诺公爵在发现他的侍从原来是一个美丽的女孩之后,也认识到她感情的可贵,就和薇奥拉结了婚.剧中错综复杂的情节充满了巧合、悬念、误会以及移花接木、巧装改扮的喜剧因素,而处于全剧中心的是勇敢、热情、纯真的少女薇奥拉,在争取人格独立、幸福的权力及人与人之间平等关系的斗争中,她显示出忘我无私、坚贞不渝的品格,充分体现了文艺复兴时期人文主义者的理想.全剧充满了对自由的渴望、对生活的热爱,反映了文艺复兴时代人们朝气蓬勃、勇于进取的精神风貌.
.《第十二夜》是莎士比亚反讽技巧应用的巅峰之作,它融合了几乎所有莎翁在之前的喜剧创作中曾经使用过的反讽技巧,颇具代表性.反讽理论在《第十二夜》中成功的运用,对于本剧在人物刻画,结构设置,和喜剧效果的烘托上起到了很好的作用.总的来说,通过莎翁在剧中言语反讽,戏剧反讽和情境反讽的应用,揭示了主题,塑造了人物,优化了结构,增强了喜剧效果.广义的言语反讽在剧中得到广泛的运用,莎翁着力通过人物对话中的隐含意义,达到反讽效果,起到塑造人物个性的作用.乔装改扮的薇奥拉为情势所困,其言语中多具有隐含意义,从而使其个性特征更加鲜明.在对奥西诺的个性刻画上,莎士比亚也不遗余力的突出了这一特点.通过对戏剧反讽概念的介绍,我们得出喜剧效果的产生源于观众的知,与剧中人物的不知而形成的鲜明对比.在《第十二夜》中莎士比亚采用了三种有效的途径达到这一对比:换装或伪装,孪生兄妹和恶作剧,正是由于剧中人物对于身份的误认,引发一系列的矛盾冲突,从而笑料百出.尤其在对于管家马伏里奥形象的塑造上,他的荒谬虚伪的个性在一场恶作剧中暴露无遗,引发出观众的阵阵笑声.从一定程度上说情境反讽与情节设置通常是紧密相联的.情境反讽可以被细分为事件反讽和对照反讽.通过对管家马伏里奥不切实际的期望被一次次挫败过程的描述,不仅将他的虚伪个性刻画得入木三分,而且成功地建构了情节发展的副线.薇奥拉和奥丽维亚的截然相反的个性特征也通过对照反讽一览无余的展现在观众面前.

Why this name
"The twelfth night" the name, because the two days after Christmas, January 6, is a holiday, the so-called "12" (Twelfthtide), say again "Epiphany (Epiphany), after the birth of Jesus, the doctor in the east, they came to Bethlehem worship him. On this day, not only the church will inevitably ceremony in court and noble, also often play at home to celebrate this is obviously, Shakespeare for this holiday. So named twelfth night.
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The twelfth night of the twin sibling west weiaola sixin and distress, successively in sea to yililie. Here the ruler aoxinuo duke is to a man named Olivia Marie stratton proposal, but the noble lady refused. Weiaola to dress like a man, alias places where do the duke's young people. Waitresses Since then, love aoxinuo duke weiaola as the messenger of love, run in aoxinuo youli between student and with her, and his twin brother looks abnormal alike, fix a series of complex and serious love conflicts. Love young squire pinmao weiaola Olivia Marie stratton became weiaola brother's wife, For li has grown unrequited love of aoxinuo duke in found his attendants is a beautiful girl, also recognize her feelings of valuable, and weiaola married. The intricate plot is filled with coincidence, suspense, misunderstanding and substitute stealthily, GaiBan installed in the comedy factors, the center is brave vodka, enthusiasm, pure girl weiaola for independent personality, and in the power of happiness and the relationship between the equality of struggle, she showed ecstasy selfless, character of undying devotion, fully embodies the Renaissance humanists ideal. The full of passion for freedom, love of life, reflect the Renaissance people energetic and aggressive spirit.
The twelfth night is the application technique of Shakespeare's irony, it incorporates almost all Shakespeare before comic creations once used, the representative of irony skills. In the theory of irony in the twelfth night, for the use of success in character, structure, and comedy foil played a very good effect. Generally speaking, in the words by Shakespeare, drama and the irony of the application situation of irony, revealing the theme, shaped characters, optimize the structure, strengthened the comedy. In the words of generalized irony, widely used in Shakespeare's effort by dialogues and implicit meaning, have reached the irony of the characters personality. GaiBan disguise weiaola for being trapped in the words, the implied meaning is more, thus making it more distinct personality traits. In the character of aoxinuo depicts Shakespeare also tirelessly, highlighted the characteristics. Through the introduction of the concept of drama irony, we draw comic effect produced from the audience, and the characters are formed the wonder of contrast. In the twelfth night "in Shakespeare's adopted three kinds of effective ways to achieve this outfit, or comparison: twin brother and sister and mischief, because for the identity of the characters, triggers a series of mistake, and conflicts. Especially in the housekeeper malvolio image of the mold, his absurd false personality in a prank, expose in the audience peals of laughter. From a certain extent situation and set the irony is often closely. Situation can be subdivided into the irony of irony and irony. Events Through the butler malvolio unrealistic expectations were repeatedly frustrated, not only the process of his false personality is depicted to profoundly, and successfully constructed plot development vice line. Weiaola and Olivia Marie stratton of opposite character also controlled by a glance of irony.