英语翻译　In every cultivated language there are two great classe

英语翻译
　In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which,taken together,comprise the whole vocabulary.First,there are those words with which we become acquainted in daily conversation,which we learn ,that is to say,from the members of our own family and from our familiar associates,and which we should know and use evern if we could not read or write.They concern the common things of life,and are the stock in trade of all who use the language.Such words may be called“popular”,since they belong to the people at large and are not the exclusive share of a limited class.On the other hand,our language comprises a multitude of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.Their meanings are known to every educated person,but there is little necessity to use them at home or in the market-place.Our first acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's lips or from the talk of our school-mates,but from books that we read,lectures that we attend ,or the more formal conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular topic in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual exten of everyday life.Such words are called“learned”,and the distinction between them and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.

任何文明的语言均包括两大类词语,所有的词汇都是由这两类词语共同组成的.首先,有些词语是我们从日常会话中所学到的,也就是说,我们从家人和熟悉的伙伴那里学到的;对于这些词语,即使我们不会读或者不会写,我们也知道如何使用它们. 它们涉及生活中的一般性事情,是所有使用这种语言的人惯用的语言材料.这样的词语可以被称为“流行词语”,它们是属于人民大众的,而不是专属于某个特定的阶级的.另一方面,我们的语言中还包含着大量普通谈话中相对较少使用的词语.所有受过教育的人都知道它们的含义,但是很少有必要在家中或市场上使用它们.
我们不是从我们母亲的言语中或者与同学们的交谈中了解到这些词语的,而是从我们学习的书本、参加的讲座或者与受过高等教育的人的较正式的谈话中学到的.在讨论某个特殊的话题时,受过高等教育的人们采用一种超越日常生活习惯的、得体的谈话方式.这样的词语被称为“习得词语”.“习得词语”与“流行词语”之间的区别对于正确理解语言的形成过程起着非常重要的作用.