英语翻译Protection systems are designed in order to initiate swi

英语翻译
Protection systems are designed in order to initiate switching
actions and to clear faults rapidly.Standard protections are willing
to accept false trips in order to ensure the reliability of fault
isolation,minimizing damages to system components and are
appropriate only when power system operates in normal state
(dependability approach).If the system is under stress,unnecessary
trips will contribute,very likely,to wide spread system
failures,thus compromising system security.Therefore,a security
approach will consist in a contrary management of the trip
operations [10].
For mature high voltage or extra high voltage systems the
bias is generally toward dependability because the power system
itself is redundant and it is vital to clear faults with certainty.
On the other hand,distribution systems are not redundant and
therefore security is the most important aspect [11].
An adaptive approach allows to shift between dependability
and security approach,impeding storms or heavy loading and
ensuring longer operative service.
Several definitions have been given in [12] about the adaptive
protection and from their analysis two important needs are
clear:
1.computing and transmitting new operating parameters from
a central unit in order to alter automatically and on line the
protection system settings,functions and characteristics;
2.finding an optimal parameter configuration which results
in the most desirable operation,instead of a conventional
trade-off between conflicting requirements (dependability
and security).
However,with regard to the adaptive relay proposed in this
paper,as the application is related to a single line protection,
a central unit will not be necessary in order to change relay
settings.
The proposed architecture,shown in Fig.1,consists of a
breaker,sensors,useful in obtaining current value and ambient
conditions and an external microprocessor,which computes
the trip characteristic according to the actual conditions.The
variables causing the change of the operative conditions are
temperature,wind speed and solar absorbity.
The breaker protects an overhead line by faults and overloads.
In particular,in this paper attention has been concentrated
on overload protection in order to achieve longer operative service.
The sensors measure line current,wind speed and solar
absorbity.Starting from an average current value,obtained by
the acquisition of current values for a \2t time,the microprocessor
evaluates the conductor temperature by means of previously
loaded algorithms and considering the history previous to the
measurement.According to an adaptive procedure,described
in the next paragraph,a new trip characteristic is evaluated and
stored into the relay.The adaptive procedure,in thisway,aims at
overcoming the protection system management based on worst
case situation by means of static rating trip values.

保护系统的设计以启动开关
行动和清除故障迅速.标准保护愿意
接受错误的旅行,以确保可靠性的断层
隔离,减少损害系统组件和是
适当的只有当电力系统运作正常的状态
(可靠性方法).如果系统正在承受压力,不必要的
旅行将贡献,很有可能,广泛传播系统
失败,从而影响系统的安全性.因此,一个安全
方法将包含在一个相反的管理的旅行
操作[10].
对于成熟的高电压或额外的高压系统了
偏见是一般向可靠性由于电力系统
本身是冗余的,至关重要的是,要清楚故障的确定性.
另一方面,配电系统不是冗余和
因此安全是最重要的方面[11].
一个自适应方法允许将可靠性之间
和安全的方法,即将发生的风暴或重负荷和
确保不再有效的服务.
几个定义了[12]的适应性
保护和从他们的分析两个重要的需求
明确:
1.计算和发射新的操作参数
一个中央单位为了改变自动和联机的
保护系统设置、功能和特点;
2.找到一个最优参数配置结果
在最理想的操作,而不是一个传统
相互冲突的需求(可靠性之间的权衡
和安全).
然而,关于自适应继电器提出
纸,因为应用程序与单个线路保护,
一个中央单位将没有必要为了改变继电器
设置.
该建议的体系结构,图1所示,由一个
断路器、传感器、有用,对于目前的价值和环境
条件和外部微处理器,它计算
这次旅行特性根据实际情况.这个
变量的变化导致手术条件
温度、风速和太阳能absorbity.
断路器保护一个架空线路,断层和过载.
特别是,本文集中注意力
在过载保护为了实现再手术服务.
这些传感器测量线电流、风速和太阳能
absorbity.从平均当前值,得到了通过
获得当前值t时间,微处理器
评估导线温度通过之前
加载算法和考虑到先前的历史
测量.根据一个适应过程,描述了
在下一段中,一个新的旅行的特点是评估和
存储在继电器.自适应过程,这样,旨在
克服保护系统管理基于最差
案件情况通过静态评级旅行值.