帮我翻译过来,翻译好了我可以追加奖励100分.谢谢啦,越快越好

帮我翻译过来,翻译好了我可以追加奖励100分.谢谢啦,越快越好
Table 5 reports bivariate ordered probit estimates under different specifications with the specific intention of trying to
capture league/nation reputation effects. Model (1) includes club nationality fixed effects alongside referee nationality effects.
The inclusion of club nationality results in the team coefficient index becoming insignificant, so it appears that club
effects are capturing some (perhaps, most) of the impact of team quality. The stage of the competition becomes insignificant
in the home team equation and less significant in the away team equation. Champions League matches (home equation and
away equation), the presence of a running track (home equation only), and the relative size of the crowd (in both the home
and away equations) remain important determinants of the incidence of disciplinary sanction.
Model (2) includes all the variables in Model (1) plus three new variables denoting whether the home team, away team or
both teams is from one of the ‘big five’ leagues (England, Italy, Germany, Spain and France). The idea here is to capture possible
‘league reputation’ effects, whereby a team from one of the big five leagues is likely to incur fewer disciplinary points.
As expected, a home team from the ‘big five’ incurs fewer disciplinary points if playing a team from outside the ‘big five’. The
effect is significant for an away team from one of the big five leagues. Also, more disciplinary points are awarded to the home
team and away team if they are both drawn from one of the big five leagues.
Model (2) also includes a dummy variable, capturing whether the referee officiated at the 2004 European Championships
(defined here as an ‘elite’ referee). A positive, and statistically significant, impact is found in the home team equation. Similarly,
a positive impact is found in the away equation but the coefficient is insignificant. A possible interpretation is that elite
referees compensate for inherent (implicit) favouritism by issuing more disciplinary sanctions to the home team, though this
conclusion must be tentative as there may be problems associated with sample selection effects

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