作业帮英语翻译In 1965,Charles K.Kao and George of the British company
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英语翻译
In 1965,Charles K.Kao and George of the British company Standard Telephones and Cables (STC) were the first to promote the idea that the attenuation in optical fibers could be reduced below 20 decibels per kilometer,allowing fibers to be a practical medium for communication.[4] They proposed that the attenuation in fibers available at the time was caused by impurities,which could be removed,rather than fundamental physical effects such as scattering.The crucial attenuation level of 20 dB/km was first achieved in 1970,by researchers Robert D.Maurer,Donald Keck,Peter C.Schultz,and Frank working for American glass maker Corning Glass Works,now Corning Incorporated.They demonstrated a fiber with 17 dB/km attenuation by doping silica glass with titanium.A few years later they produced a fiber with only 4 dB/km attenuation using germanium dioxide as the core do pant.Such low attenuations ushered in optical fiber telecommunications and enabled the Internet.In 1981,General Electric produced fused quartz ingots that could be drawn into fiber optic strands 25 miles (40 km) long.
Attenuations in modern optical cables are far less than those in electrical copper cables,leading to long-haul fiber connections with repeater distances of 50–80 km (30–50 miles).The erbium-doped fiber amplifier,which reduced the cost of long-distance fiber systems by reducing or even in many cases eliminating the need for optical-electrical-optical repeaters,was co-developed by teams led by David N.Payne of the University of Southampton,and Emmanuel Desurvire at Bell Laboratories in 1986.The more robust optical fiber commonly used today utilizes glass for both core and sheath and is therefore less prone to aging processes.It was invented by Gerhard in 1973 of Schott Glass in Germany.
In 1965,Charles K.Kao and George of the British company Standard Telephones and Cables (STC) were the first to promote the idea that the attenuation in optical fibers could be reduced below 20 decibels per kilometer,allowing fibers to be a practical medium for communication.[4] They proposed that the attenuation in fibers available at the time was caused by impurities,which could be removed,rather than fundamental physical effects such as scattering.The crucial attenuation level of 20 dB/km was first achieved in 1970,by researchers Robert D.Maurer,Donald Keck,Peter C.Schultz,and Frank working for American glass maker Corning Glass Works,now Corning Incorporated.They demonstrated a fiber with 17 dB/km attenuation by doping silica glass with titanium.A few years later they produced a fiber with only 4 dB/km attenuation using germanium dioxide as the core do pant.Such low attenuations ushered in optical fiber telecommunications and enabled the Internet.In 1981,General Electric produced fused quartz ingots that could be drawn into fiber optic strands 25 miles (40 km) long.
Attenuations in modern optical cables are far less than those in electrical copper cables,leading to long-haul fiber connections with repeater distances of 50–80 km (30–50 miles).The erbium-doped fiber amplifier,which reduced the cost of long-distance fiber systems by reducing or even in many cases eliminating the need for optical-electrical-optical repeaters,was co-developed by teams led by David N.Payne of the University of Southampton,and Emmanuel Desurvire at Bell Laboratories in 1986.The more robust optical fiber commonly used today utilizes glass for both core and sheath and is therefore less prone to aging processes.It was invented by Gerhard in 1973 of Schott Glass in Germany.
1965年,查尔斯·拷和乔治的英国公司标准的电话和电缆(STC)是第一个来推动的观念,在光纤衰减可能会减少20分贝以下每公里,使纤维是一种实用的媒体进行交流.[4]他们提出衰减的纤维能引起,可去除杂质,而不是基本的生理作用,如散射.关键的20分贝衰减/公里的最初是由研究取得了1970年,罗伯特·d Maurer,唐纳德·克,彼得c舒尔茨,弗兰克为美国的玻璃制造商,现在人们康宁玻璃.他们表现为一种纤维和17 dB /公里,由掺杂硅氧玻璃衰减和钛.几年后,他们生产了纤维只有4 dB /公里衰减用锗二氧化碳为核心的做喘气.这种低了光纤通信衰减,使互联网.1981年,通用电气制造石英锭,融合于光纤股25英里(40公里)长.
研究在现代光缆远远低于那些铜电缆,导致电力光纤连接的距离与中继航空50 - 80公里(30 - 50英里).这个erbium-doped光纤放大器,从而降低了系统的成本降低长距离纤维或甚至在很多情况下,不需要optical-electrical-optical中继站、是大卫率领球队取得由n佩恩的南安普敦大学和Desurvire在贝尔实验室在1986年.更稳健光纤现在通常使用的核心,采用玻璃两套,因此,不易老化过程.它是在1973年,90年代发明的Schott玻璃在德国.
研究在现代光缆远远低于那些铜电缆,导致电力光纤连接的距离与中继航空50 - 80公里(30 - 50英里).这个erbium-doped光纤放大器,从而降低了系统的成本降低长距离纤维或甚至在很多情况下,不需要optical-electrical-optical中继站、是大卫率领球队取得由n佩恩的南安普敦大学和Desurvire在贝尔实验室在1986年.更稳健光纤现在通常使用的核心,采用玻璃两套,因此,不易老化过程.它是在1973年,90年代发明的Schott玻璃在德国.
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