英语翻译Digital imaging in the biology laboratoryTerry Moxon1,Ga

英语翻译
Digital imaging in the biology laboratory
Terry Moxon1,Gaynor Wightman
Doncaster1 and Queen Elizabeth’s High School,Gainsborough,UK
Journal of Biological Education (2005) 39(4) 179
The advent of cheaper SLR digital cameras and associated software has allowed the rapid creation of digital images.We explain three simple techniques that allow the generation of micrographs.A further technique is described that allows the production of an image from a full section of the microscope slide.Class sets of micrographs greatly enhance any discussion before or after the practical session.
Key words:Microscopy; Digital camera; Micrographs
Introduction
Microscopy has played a reduced role in biological education
over the past decade.The reasons are varied but falling budgets
have meant that funding for class sets of microscopes has become expensive.Secondly,the demands of the National Curriculum have reduced the role of microscopy in schools.Yet students,especially at Key Stage 3,derive much pleasure in using microscopes and microscopy greatly enriches the theoretical
teaching and learning programme.However,using microscopes with a class of 30 is not without problems:
• infrequent use of microscopes requires extra teacher involvement in checking the pupil microscope adjustments
• large classes place limitations on teacher availability to help
with the problems of individual pupils
• the teacher has little control over what the students actually
see.Older pupils have been known to admit that while trying
to observe Brownian motion,they have spent time viewing
their own eyelashes!
• students are also less confident about what they should see.
This insight,which teachers have developed with experience,
has still to be acquired by students.At this stage,pupils have
little spatial appreciation of the specimen as a whole.
Many of these problems could be overcome by providing pupils with micrographs of complete images or selected areas of interest.However,the use of film in photomicroscopy meant
that a considerable investment in time,skill and effort was
required by the teacher to produce even passable images.The
advent of digital photography and processing has allowed the
creation of micrograph images that can be used as teaching aids.
The images can be plastic-protected class sheets that are available for use with various groups or prepared for individuals.Although costs are falling,the major equipment would still be regarded as expensive for a biology department budget.Here,we describe a method that allows images to be created with only a modestly priced digital camera.
More regular use of microscopy in teaching will hopefully
lead to greater confidence at A-level and beyond,where these
techniques still have great value.

在生物学实验室中的数位影像
Terry Moxon1,Gaynor Wightman
Doncaster1 和伊莉莎白中学皇后、 Gainsborough 的,英国
生物学教育 (2005)39(4)179 的日记
较廉宜的 SLR 数码相机的来到和联合的软件已经允许数位影像的迅速创造.我们解释允许显微像的世代的三简单的技术.
较进一步的技术被描述那允许来自显微镜滑的一个完整区段的图像的生产.显微像的班级组非常提高实际的会议前或后的任何的讨论.
xxx字:显微镜使用; 数码相机; 显微像
介绍
显微镜使用已经担任生物学的教育的一个被减少的角色
在过去的十年内.理由被改变但是落下预算
已经意谓给显微镜的班级组的资金已经变得贵.第二,国立课程的要求已经减少显微镜使用在学校的角色.然而学生,尤其在主要阶段 3 ,多源自快乐在非常使用显微镜和显微镜使用方面富足那理论上的
教学和学问规划程序.然而,和一个 30 班级一起使用显微镜不没有问题:
.显微镜的稀少使用需要检查学生显微镜调整的额外的老师参与
.大的班级放限制在老师有效上帮助
藉由个别学生的问题
.老师有的一点控制什么学生实际上
见到.较年长的学生已经被知道承认当尝试的时候
为了要观察苏格兰的植物学家 Robert Brown 的运动,他们已经度过时间看
他们自己的睫毛!
.学生有关他们应该见到的也是比较不自信.
这洞察力,哪些老师已经以经验发展,
仍然有被学生获得.在现阶段,学生有
整体而言的样品的小空间赏识.
大部份这些问题可能被藉由提供完全图像或挑选重要区域的显微像给学生克服.然而,在 photomicroscopy 的电影的使用意谓了
相当多的投资及时,技术和努力是
手边生产甚至可通行的图像老师需要.那
数传摄影的来到而且处理已经允许那
显微像的创造描绘,那能被当作教学帮助使用.图像可能是可用来使用各种不同的团体或者准备了个体的塑料保护的班级床单.虽然费用是下滑,但是,主要的设备会仍然方面被视为贵的一个生物学部门编入预算.在这里,我们描述一个让图像与只有一个谦逊有定价的数码相机一起产生的方法.
教学意志的显微镜使用的比较一般使用希望
在中学 导致较棒的信心和超过,哪里这些
技术仍然有棒的价值.