英语翻译According to sociologists（社会学家）,every modern industrial

英语翻译
According to sociologists（社会学家）,every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification（阶层）.Class,power and status are important in deciding people’s rank in society.
Class means a person’s economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class,middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined,they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class,and 1% the upper class.Interestingly,a surgeon earning ＄500,000 a year and a bus driver earning ＄50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!
Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously,people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise（行使）big power,but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand,however.For example,the governor of a state has great power,but he or she may not belong to a corresponding （相应的）economic class.Generally,however,there is a relationship between power and class.
To our knowledge,there aren’t too many people who aren’t millionaires in the U.S.Senate!
Status is the honor or respect attached to a person’s position in society.It can also be affected by power and class,but not necessarily so.For example,a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.

根据社会学家研究,每一个现代工业社会都存在不同的社会阶级.阶级、权利、地位成为人在社会总等级划分的重要依据.
阶级意味着一个人在社会中的经济地位.通常分为底层阶级、中层阶级、上层阶级.社会学家不赞成这样来区分,他们认为美国的社会就很好.一项研究表明：53%的美国人属于底层阶级,46%的美国人属于中层阶级,还有1%的人属于上层阶级.有趣的是,一个大款每年赚50万美元,而一个公共汽车司机每年只赚5万美元,都被认为是中层阶级.
权利取决于一个人掌控他人能力的大小.显然,在巨大权利位置上的人（如政府官员）就能行使更大的权利,但是听从别人命令的人权利就很小.权利和阶级并不一定能同时得到.然而,例如,国家政府官员就有很大的权利,但他并不一定有相应的经济地位.通常,权利和阶级是有关联的.
我们所知,在美国参议院中很多人并不是百万富翁!
地位所获得的荣耀和尊重取决于人在社会中的位置.它也可能受到权利和阶级的影响,但并不一定是这样.例如,一个大学教授可以有很高的地位,但他并不属于上层社会阶级,或是拥有超越其他人的更多的权利.