情态动词完美的用法.我需要情态动词的各类用法,如用于虚拟语气等,或者,什么什么的..
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情态动词完美的用法.
我需要情态动词的各类用法,如用于虚拟语气等,或者,什么什么的..
我需要情态动词的各类用法,如用于虚拟语气等,或者,什么什么的..
首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢).
用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形
例句:I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话.
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语.
We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿.
May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规.
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.
情态动词还有一个很重要的用法,即情态动词表推测——
情态动词表推测的用法小结
(一)情态动词表推测的三种句式
1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定),may(可能),might / could(也许,或许).
(1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question?
他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案.
(2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.
屋里很冷,他们肯定把暖气关了.
2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不).
(1)It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
这不可能是校长,他去美国了.
(2)He may not/might not know the scientist.
他也许不认识那位科学家.
3.疑问句中用can/could (能……?).
(1)Could he have finished the task?
他可能把任务完成了吗?
(2)Can he be at home now?
他现在能在家吗?
注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的.Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小.
(二)情态动词表推测的三种时态
1.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”.
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5.
5:00前她一定/可能/也许到.
(2)She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人.
2.对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”.
(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机.
(2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
这个时候他不可能/可能不在家.
(3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?
布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?
3.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”.
(1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了.
(2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家.
(3)Can / Could he have gotten the book?
难道他找到书了吗?
注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have +过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”.例如:
(4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.
现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达.(推测)
(5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虚拟)
她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈.
(6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虚拟)
汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意.
用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形
例句:I can read this sentence in English.
我能用英语读这句话.
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语, 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语.
We can be there on time tomorrow.我们明天能按时去那儿.
May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗?
Shall we begin now?我们现在就开始吗?
You must obey the school rules.你必须遵守校规.
情态动词数量不多,但用途广泛,主要有下列:
can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.
情态动词还有一个很重要的用法,即情态动词表推测——
情态动词表推测的用法小结
(一)情态动词表推测的三种句式
1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定),may(可能),might / could(也许,或许).
(1)He must/may/might know the answer to this question?
他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案.
(2)It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating.
屋里很冷,他们肯定把暖气关了.
2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不).
(1)It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
这不可能是校长,他去美国了.
(2)He may not/might not know the scientist.
他也许不认识那位科学家.
3.疑问句中用can/could (能……?).
(1)Could he have finished the task?
他可能把任务完成了吗?
(2)Can he be at home now?
他现在能在家吗?
注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的.Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小.
(二)情态动词表推测的三种时态
1.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”.
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5.
5:00前她一定/可能/也许到.
(2)She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.
她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人.
2.对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”.
(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.
他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机.
(2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.
这个时候他不可能/可能不在家.
(3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything .How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?
布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?
3.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”.
(1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.
地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了.
(2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home .
门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家.
(3)Can / Could he have gotten the book?
难道他找到书了吗?
注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have +过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”.例如:
(4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment.
现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达.(推测)
(5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虚拟)
她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈.
(6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虚拟)
汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意.