英语翻译这是法律英语,大家翻译时注意以下哦!Relevance:Relevance for discovery purp

英语翻译
这是法律英语,大家翻译时注意以下哦!
Relevance:
Relevance for discovery purposes is broad,although it was narrowed by the 2000 amendments to Rule 26.Under Rule 26 (b)(1),parties may discover “any matter,not privileged,that is relevant to the claim or defense of any party,including the existence,description,nature,custody,condition,and location of any books,documents,or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of any discoverable matter.” In addition,“for good cause,the court may order discovery of any matter relevant to the subject matter involved in the action.” The term “relevance” has a special meaning for discovery purposes.“Relevant information need not be admissible at the trial if the discovery appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence.”
Rule 26 creates two levels of discoverable material:discovery by right,as to matters relevant to claims and defenses,and discretionary broader discovery,as to matters relevant to the subject matter of the litigation.
A “statement” for discovery purposes is defined by Rule 26(b)(3) to include “(A) a written statement signed or otherwise adopted or approved by the person making it,or (B) a stenographic,mechanical,electrical,or other recording,or a transcription thereof,which is a substantially verbatim recital of an oral statement by the person making it and contemporaneously recorded.” This means that if a witness has been interviewed,but nothing tangible was produced,such as a written statement,recording,or transcript,there is no “statement” in existence that can be discovered.It also means that if a lawyer,after interviewing a witness,later makes notes summarizing the interview,but the notes are not discoverable,and fall within in Rule 26(b)(3)work-product doctrine.
A part is entitled to obtain a copy of his prior statement in the possession of anyone else upon demand,without a court order or a showing of need.A party is considered to have a right to his own written or recorded statements.Statements made by a party to his own lawyer are not discoverable,principally because the attorney-client privilege will apply to such communications.
A written is also entitled to obtain a copy of his prior statement.Note that the rule does not expressly allow discovery of a witness’s statement.Only the witness himself has a right to obtain a copy of his own statement.A lawyer,however,can always urge a witness to ask for a copy of his own statement and then obtain it from the witness.Because it is so easy to obtain the statement indirectly,many lawyers,and some courts,view witness statements as being discoverable directly.

相关性：
对于发现的用途很广,它虽缩小,由2000年的修正案第26条.根据议事规则第26条（二） （ 1 ）中,当事人可以发现"任何问题,而不是特权,即是相关的索赔或防御的任何一方,包括生存,名称,性质,保管条件和地点的任何书籍,文件,或其他有形的东西和身份和位置的人知道有任何发现的问题" .此外, "良好的动机,法院可命令发现有关的任何事项作出此事牵涉在行动"一词"适切性"具有特殊意义的发现. "有关资料不必受理的,在审讯时,如果发现看似合理的计算导致的发现可接受的证据" .
第26创造了两个层次的发现材料：发现权,至于有关事项的要求和防御,和更广泛的自由裁量的发现,至于有关的问题将此事的积极应诉.
"声明"为宗旨的发现所定义的规则第26条（二） （三）列入" （ a ）在一份书面声明中签名或以其他方式通过或批准的人,或（ b ）速记,机械,电气,或其他记录,或转录,因此,这是一个大大的逐字演奏会的口头声明中所作出的人,这和contemporaneously录" ,这意味着,如果一个证人已经采访了,但仍然没有具体的制作,如一份书面声明,录音或誊本,还有什么"声明"的存在,可以被发现.这也意味着,如果一名律师,经过面试一名目击者称,后来使得笔记总结采访中,但说明是无法发现的,属于在第26条（二） （三）因工产品的教义.
一部份人有权获得一份他的声明之前,在管别人的需求后,如果没有法院的命令或显示的需要.一方认为是有权利自己的书面或记录报表.报表由一党,他自己的律师都无法发现的,主要是因为律师-委托人特权,将适用于此类通信.
书面也有权获得一份他事先声明.注意到,该规则并不明确允许发现的一个证人的陈述.只有证人自己也有权获得一份他自己的声明.一位律师,但是,可以随时督促证人要求一份他自己的声明,然后再取得它从证人.因为它是那么容易获得的声明间接地,有很多的律师,并有些法院,鉴于证人的陈述被发现的直接.