求英语的反意疑问句详细讲解和定语从句现在完成和现在完成进行时的解题技巧!一定要经典,切合高考!

求英语的反意疑问句详细讲解和定语从句现在完成和现在完成进行时的解题技巧!一定要经典,切合高考!
如题,英语高手一定给我详细讲一讲吧,我快都忘光了.一定要经典,符合高考题型.关于反义疑问句最好还讲一下情态动词和have to的例句,

have(has)+过去分词 1.现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生活或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等: He has already obtained a scholarship. I haven't seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet 4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman on several occasions. 5. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year. The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years. Up to the present everything has been successful. 6. 现在完成时表示现在之前业已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语) Thomas has studied Russian for three years. (=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.(同第2点用法第一个例句) 7. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作. We have had four texts this semester. == 现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法” 1.现在完成时的"完成用法" 现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束,但该动作对现在产生了影响,与现在情况具有因果关系. 例如：He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了.(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了.) 现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续,因此,该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already,yet,before,recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never,ever,once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning ／ month ／year...,today等)连用. 例如： Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的钢笔了吗? 2.现在完成时的"未完成用法" 现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去. 例如：He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿.(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去.) I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了.(动作开始于5年前,一直延续至今,有可能还要继续下去.) 此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导),或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：up to now,so far)等. 例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息. 注意：(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词,不可用于终止性动词,即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词.如：come,go,arrive,leave,join,become,die等. (2)现在完成时常见两种句型： ①主语＋have / has been＋for短语 ②It is＋一段时间＋ since从句 例如：He has been in the League for three years.或It is three years since he joined the League. 他入团已三年了. 在表达一个在过去开始而现在仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作时,某些动词既可以用现在完成时,也可以用现在完成进行时.这样的动词有expect,hope,learn,lie,live,look,rain,sleep,sit,snow,stand,stay,study,teach,wait,want,work等 How long have you learnt English?你学习英语多久了? How long have you been learning English?（译文同上.） He has slept for ten hours．他已经睡了十个小时了. He has been sleeping for ten hours．（译文同上.） It has snowed for a long time．雪下了好长时间了. It has been snowing for a long time．（译文同上.） 没有进行式的动词不可能有这样的用法（参见第168节）,即现在完成进行时不能代替以下例句中的现在完成时： They’ve always had a big garden．他们一直有一座大花园. How long have you known that?你知道这事多久了? He’s been in hospital since his accident． 他从发生事故之后,一直在医院里. 注意：现在完成进行时可以和时间短语连用,也可以不连用,这一点就有别于现在完成时,因为后者与像for six days,since June,never等一些时间短语连用才能表示这类动作.不用这些时间状语时,现在完成时指的是完成了的一个动作. B 用现在完成时表示的反复的动作,有时可以作为连续的动作用现在完成进行时表示： I’ve written six letters since breakfast．早饭后我已经写了六封信. I’ve been writing letters since breakfast．早饭后我一直在写信. I have knocked five times．I don’t think anyone’s in． 我敲了五次门.我想屋里没有人. I’ve been knocking．I don’t think anybody’s in． 我一直在敲门.我想屋里没有人. 注意：现在完成进行时表示一种看来似乎是不间断的动作,所以提到做一件事的次数或一共做了多少事情时,不能用现在完成进行时. C 用现在完成时表达的单一动作和用现在完成进行时表达的动作是有区别的： （a）I’ve polished the car．我擦了车.意指这件事已经结束了. （b） I’ve been polishing the car．我在擦车来着. 意指过去一小时我就是这样度过的,而不一定指动作已结束.注意：用现在完成进行时表示单一动作时,这一动作持续到说话的时间或者接近这一时间为止： He’s been taking photos． 他一直在拍照.（他大概手里正拿着照相机.） He has taken photos． 他拍过相片.（这件事可能是也可能不是最近发生的.） 用于现在完成时的句子 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时. It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2）This is the… that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时.