作业帮英语的形成与其地理环境的关系
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/08 11:49:45
英语的形成与其地理环境的关系
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求论文,字数不限thx
文化离不开一定的自然地理环境,但文化不是由自然地理环境决定的,2因为在相类似的自然环境中,存在着不同的文化现实.文化的价值在于使人适应自然环境.人的生活方式、社会结构、习俗道德等,都是为了利用环境和适应环境而形成的.自然地理环境的因素对于人的心理具有很大的影响.在一定的地理环境中生活长久的人,对他们所处的自然环境产生了心理上的适应性.文化不是否抽象的,而是具体的.在北极生活的爱斯基摩人的文化包括吃生肉、住雪屋.要想在北极生活,不学会这些是活不下去的.这是一种生存的对策和文化行为.
生活在不同的自然环境中的人会形成不同的文化,但是自然环境并不根据人类的文化来变化,地球向人类提供的条件和环境是独立进行的,它不受任何文化的影响.文化只能在自然环境条件下发展自己的能力,它是人类特有的适应生活环境的方式.任何文化的特点都离不开它所处的具体的地理环境.每种文化都因其地域、气候、环境的特点而具有不同的特征.
英国是一个岛国,位于欧洲西部大西洋中的不列颠诸岛上,南面隔英吉利海峡、多佛尔海峡与法国相望,东面隔北海与荷兰、比利时、丹麦、挪威遥对.距欧洲大陆最窄处的多佛尔海峡仅33公里宽.英国的领土主要包括大不列颠岛和爱尔兰北部.
英国所处的这样一个岛国的位置,对其自身的发展具有重要的意义,也对英语习语的形成有很大的影响.
1． 航海业的发展对英语习语的影响
A1 ： Lloyd‘s Register
A1 tea；an A1 physicist；
I‘m feeling A1 today.
The meals there are A1.
Go by the board= fail,
The old man thought that too many people now let good manners go by the board
All at sea
He is all at sea as to what to do next.
All hands to the pumps
They will need all hands to the pumps if the situation is to be saved.
Be taken aback
They were greatly taken aback by the news.
Raise the wind：we decided to have a day out and father said he‘d raise the wind
Three sheets in the wind
The man who passed down the street was three sheets in the wind.
He was a sheet in the wind when he came back last night.
Hang in the wind
He hung in the wind and missed the good opportunity.
See how the land lies
See how the wind blows
We must see how the land lies before we decide whether to start a business there, or not.
He needed to see how the wind was blowing before he told them his plans.
Nail one’s colors to the mast
With flying colors
Sail under false colors
Show one’s true colors
Things are black indeed, but I’m not going to give in. I’ll nail my colors to the mast.
Mary came through the exam with flying colors.
They found out that Smith was an escaped convict who had been sailing under false colors as a lawyer.
The man walked into the bank and immediately showed his true colors by drawing a gun.
2． 捕鱼业对英语习语的影响
Big fish
Cool fish
Dull fish
Fresh fish
Loose fish
Old[queer, strange] fish
Poor fish
Shy fish
Like a fish out of water
She felt like a fish out of water at the party because she knew no one there.
Drink like a fish
The man drinks like a fish. He is drunk every night.
A fine [pretty] kettle of fish
This is a fine kettle of fish! I forgot my book.
Another kettle of fish [a different kettle of fish]
He is good at playing tennis in private, but playing in public is a different kettle of fish.
Have other fish to fry
My friend asked if I was going to play cricket, but I told them I had other fish to fry—I was going to take my girlfriend out for a walk.
Make fish of one and flesh of another
Your children quickly realize that you make fish of one and flesh of another.
A big fish in a little pond
He’s probably the most skilful businessman in our town, but compared to the chiefs of the big national Industries he’s just a big fish in a little pond.
Cry stinking fish
Alive and kicking: At 70, old Mac is still alive and kicking.
Through a sprat to catch a mackerel [whale] = venture a small fish to catch a great one
They tried in vain to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel.
White about the gills
He was white about the gills, because he fell ill.
Green about the gills
As the sea became rougher and the boat rolled from side to side, many passengers began to look green about the gills.
Proverbs:
All is fish that comes to his net.
The best fish smell when they are three days old.
The best fish swim near the bottom.
Fish begins to stink at the head.
The great fish eat up the small.
Gut no fish till you get them. Never fry a fish till it’s caught.
He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet.
If you swear you will catch no fish.
It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.
Never offer to teach fish to swim.
There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it.
3. 采煤业的发展对英语习语的影响
To offer him money is to carry coals to Newcastle; he is very wealthy.
As common as coals from Newcastle
4. 畜牧业的发展对英语习语的影响
Tarred with the same brush: they are all tarred with same brush—all stuffed with a heap of lies.
Wool-gathering: I am tired of his constant wool-gathering. I wish he would concentrate on his work.
All wool and a yard wide
He’s a wonderful brother—all wool and a yard wide.
Lose one’s wool= angry
Much wool on the back=very wealthy
Dyed in the wool: she is a dyed-in- the- wool conservative.
Much cry and little wool：his diary was much more cry than wool.
Go for wool and come home shorn偷鸡不成,反蚀一把米.
Black sheep=useless; bad guy: he was the black sheep of the family.
The end of one’s tether [rope]
They are at the end of their tether. Another strain upon their business means bankruptcy for them.
5. 多雨多雾的气候对英语习语的影响
As right as rain
I am as right as rain though I am sixty-four of age.
There’s nothing wrong with the goods; they are as right as rain.
Come rain or shine
Sam is a friend you can always depend on, rain or shine.
Be rained off = be canceled or put off because of rain
The match was rained off on Saturday and arranged for tonight.
It never rains but it pours.
For a rainy day
Each week Mrs. Carlson saved a little money for a rainy day.
Not have enough sense to come in from the rain= very stupid
If you want the work done properly, never allow him to do it by himself—he hasn’t got enough sense to come in from the rain.
Small rain lays great dust.小雨压大尘.
After rain comes fair weather.
Fogbound因雾受阻
A fogbound ship fogbound passengers
The plane is fogbound at the airport.
In a fog
He is such a bad teacher that the children are completely in a fog about their school work.
Have not the foggiest (idea) = knowing nothing of what has happened
I haven’t the foggiest () why he left so suddenly.
再问： 可否补充些历史，谢谢
生活在不同的自然环境中的人会形成不同的文化,但是自然环境并不根据人类的文化来变化,地球向人类提供的条件和环境是独立进行的,它不受任何文化的影响.文化只能在自然环境条件下发展自己的能力,它是人类特有的适应生活环境的方式.任何文化的特点都离不开它所处的具体的地理环境.每种文化都因其地域、气候、环境的特点而具有不同的特征.
英国是一个岛国,位于欧洲西部大西洋中的不列颠诸岛上,南面隔英吉利海峡、多佛尔海峡与法国相望,东面隔北海与荷兰、比利时、丹麦、挪威遥对.距欧洲大陆最窄处的多佛尔海峡仅33公里宽.英国的领土主要包括大不列颠岛和爱尔兰北部.
英国所处的这样一个岛国的位置,对其自身的发展具有重要的意义,也对英语习语的形成有很大的影响.
1． 航海业的发展对英语习语的影响
A1 ： Lloyd‘s Register
A1 tea；an A1 physicist；
I‘m feeling A1 today.
The meals there are A1.
Go by the board= fail,
The old man thought that too many people now let good manners go by the board
All at sea
He is all at sea as to what to do next.
All hands to the pumps
They will need all hands to the pumps if the situation is to be saved.
Be taken aback
They were greatly taken aback by the news.
Raise the wind：we decided to have a day out and father said he‘d raise the wind
Three sheets in the wind
The man who passed down the street was three sheets in the wind.
He was a sheet in the wind when he came back last night.
Hang in the wind
He hung in the wind and missed the good opportunity.
See how the land lies
See how the wind blows
We must see how the land lies before we decide whether to start a business there, or not.
He needed to see how the wind was blowing before he told them his plans.
Nail one’s colors to the mast
With flying colors
Sail under false colors
Show one’s true colors
Things are black indeed, but I’m not going to give in. I’ll nail my colors to the mast.
Mary came through the exam with flying colors.
They found out that Smith was an escaped convict who had been sailing under false colors as a lawyer.
The man walked into the bank and immediately showed his true colors by drawing a gun.
2． 捕鱼业对英语习语的影响
Big fish
Cool fish
Dull fish
Fresh fish
Loose fish
Old[queer, strange] fish
Poor fish
Shy fish
Like a fish out of water
She felt like a fish out of water at the party because she knew no one there.
Drink like a fish
The man drinks like a fish. He is drunk every night.
A fine [pretty] kettle of fish
This is a fine kettle of fish! I forgot my book.
Another kettle of fish [a different kettle of fish]
He is good at playing tennis in private, but playing in public is a different kettle of fish.
Have other fish to fry
My friend asked if I was going to play cricket, but I told them I had other fish to fry—I was going to take my girlfriend out for a walk.
Make fish of one and flesh of another
Your children quickly realize that you make fish of one and flesh of another.
A big fish in a little pond
He’s probably the most skilful businessman in our town, but compared to the chiefs of the big national Industries he’s just a big fish in a little pond.
Cry stinking fish
Alive and kicking: At 70, old Mac is still alive and kicking.
Through a sprat to catch a mackerel [whale] = venture a small fish to catch a great one
They tried in vain to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel.
White about the gills
He was white about the gills, because he fell ill.
Green about the gills
As the sea became rougher and the boat rolled from side to side, many passengers began to look green about the gills.
Proverbs:
All is fish that comes to his net.
The best fish smell when they are three days old.
The best fish swim near the bottom.
Fish begins to stink at the head.
The great fish eat up the small.
Gut no fish till you get them. Never fry a fish till it’s caught.
He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet.
If you swear you will catch no fish.
It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.
Never offer to teach fish to swim.
There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it.
3. 采煤业的发展对英语习语的影响
To offer him money is to carry coals to Newcastle; he is very wealthy.
As common as coals from Newcastle
4. 畜牧业的发展对英语习语的影响
Tarred with the same brush: they are all tarred with same brush—all stuffed with a heap of lies.
Wool-gathering: I am tired of his constant wool-gathering. I wish he would concentrate on his work.
All wool and a yard wide
He’s a wonderful brother—all wool and a yard wide.
Lose one’s wool= angry
Much wool on the back=very wealthy
Dyed in the wool: she is a dyed-in- the- wool conservative.
Much cry and little wool：his diary was much more cry than wool.
Go for wool and come home shorn偷鸡不成,反蚀一把米.
Black sheep=useless; bad guy: he was the black sheep of the family.
The end of one’s tether [rope]
They are at the end of their tether. Another strain upon their business means bankruptcy for them.
5. 多雨多雾的气候对英语习语的影响
As right as rain
I am as right as rain though I am sixty-four of age.
There’s nothing wrong with the goods; they are as right as rain.
Come rain or shine
Sam is a friend you can always depend on, rain or shine.
Be rained off = be canceled or put off because of rain
The match was rained off on Saturday and arranged for tonight.
It never rains but it pours.
For a rainy day
Each week Mrs. Carlson saved a little money for a rainy day.
Not have enough sense to come in from the rain= very stupid
If you want the work done properly, never allow him to do it by himself—he hasn’t got enough sense to come in from the rain.
Small rain lays great dust.小雨压大尘.
After rain comes fair weather.
Fogbound因雾受阻
A fogbound ship fogbound passengers
The plane is fogbound at the airport.
In a fog
He is such a bad teacher that the children are completely in a fog about their school work.
Have not the foggiest (idea) = knowing nothing of what has happened
I haven’t the foggiest () why he left so suddenly.
再问： 可否补充些历史，谢谢