英语翻译1.2.1The phenomena of aggregationAggregation is a pervas

英语翻译
1.2.1The phenomena of aggregation
Aggregation is a pervasive phenomenon.A the most basic level,an aggregation is a collection of parts or units which form some coherent,often cohesive,whole.Molecules aggregate to form the basic building blocks of matter and substance as we know them.Inanimate objects of all shapes and sizes aggregate to form the familiar landscape within which we live.Beaches are made of aggregations of sand grains or cobblestones,glaciers are made up of compacted aggregations of snowflakes,planets are aggregated into solar systems,and solar systems are aggregated into galaxies.In many cases,inanimate objects are not only aggregated,but sorted along some set of physical gradients.Adjacent sand grains on a beach are apt to be the same size,having been sorted by the physical force of wave action.But beach material is not all the same size.Thus,a beach contains a gradient of grain sizes instead of a random assemblage of sand,pea gravel,and cobble.Furthermore,the sand on a given beach is likely to be predominantly of a single type.Pink sand beaches in Bermuda are made mostly from coral growing in the adjacent reef,whereas black sand beaches in Hawaii are made from the locally abundant volcanic rock.Both physical sorting and local abundance of source material create nonrandom aggregations which then may be arranged into repetitive patterns.Sand on a dune may be arranged by density any size,but dunes are also repetitively arrayed along a beach.However,aggregation is not only passive sorting.Many objects actively aggregate,such that like materials attract,while foreign materials are repelled.Atoms and molecules are both attracted and repulsed,resulting in cohesion into liquids or solids within which the individual units are held at some minimum distance.
Human societies have all adopted the phenomenon of arranged,or ordered,aggregation as basic to living.We build a brick wall one ordered row at a time instead of haphazard arrangements.Engineers and architects instructs us about the structural and aesthetic properties of ordered arrangements designed to make our surroundings both functional and pleasing to the eye.Many of us sort silverware by type:knives with knives and forks with forks.Commuters in automobiles follow each other in columns determined by the locations of roads and freeways,attracted to their ultimate destinations,but repelled from each other for fear of having an accident (not always successful ).In short,ordered arrangements of like objects surround us comfortably,as a consequence of our actions.

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