英语近义词辨析habit, practice, custom, convention, usage, use, wont

英语近义词辨析
habit, practice, custom, convention, usage, use, wont, habitude 这些名词都有“习惯”的意思,请进行详细辨析并举例句说明

habit,practice,custom,convention,usage,use,wont,habitude； 这些名词都表示由于不断的重复而形成的行为方式.一般含义为“习惯”.
△ habit:Habit applies to a way of acting so ingrained in an individual that it is done without conscious thought; 用来指一个人根深蒂固的一种行为方式,它如此地根深蒂固,以致于人们不用有意识地去想就能完成这个动作.
1.That proved to be my undoing,for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.这证明是我的失败,因为我不久就回到在电视屏幕前打瞌睡的坏习惯去了.
2.trying to break the smoking habit; 试图戒掉烟瘾；
3.He has a habit of closing his eyes when he tells a story.他在讲故事的时候习惯于把眼晴闭上.
4.“Habit rules the unreflecting herd” (William Wordsworth).“习惯驱使着没有思想的羊群” （威廉.华滋华斯）.
△ practice:Practice denotes a customary,often chosen pattern of individual or group behavior; 指一种个体或群体的常规的,选择采取的行为方式：既可表示个人的也可表示社会的“习惯”,这种“习惯”从性质上看是一种反复不断的或是有选择性的行为或者方法.
1.On the other hand,your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat—the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.在另一方面,一想到用动物油炸马铃薯,你便会作呕.然而在许多北欧国家里,这是为大家接受的通常习惯.
2.She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet following her general practice she had shut them before going out.她慢慢地走进厅堂,并且立刻发现所有的房门都是开着的.但是按照她自己的一般习惯,她在外出前总是把门全部关好的.
3.It is our practice to eat an early dinner.我们习惯于很早就吃晚饭.
4.You will find it a very good practice always to verify your references,sir.(Martin Joseph Routh).先生,你会发现经常核对你的参考材料是一个很有益的习惯.（马丁.约瑟夫.劳斯）
△ custom：Custom is either individual or group behavior as established by long practice and especially by accepted conventions；是指由于长时间的实践；尤其是公认传统确立的个人或群体的一种行为方式.具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含义,此外,custom 还包含这样一层意思：长期而广泛采用的行为或方法,即风俗习惯,按照某地区人们共同生活及其行为的准则或规范,它不仅有指导意义,而且具有必须遵循的意义.
1.Don’t be a slave to custom.不要作风俗习惯的奴隶.
2.From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behavior.一个人从诞生的那一时刻起,他降生后所处的风俗习惯便给他的阅历和行为定型.
3.No written law has ever been more binding than unwritten custom supported by popular opinion.(Carrie Chapman Catt).没有一条成文法令比受民意支持的未成文的习惯更有约束力.（卡利.查普曼.卡特）
△ convention 其实是以上3个词的近义词,它的含义为：固定的或公众一致承认的行事或表达思想的方法.
1.They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.他们不顾社会习俗,并未意识到自己在做些与众不同的事.
2.By convention,north is at the top of most maps.依照惯例,北方位于大多数地图的顶端.
3.break away from convention 打破常规［惯例］.
△ usage:refers to customary practice that has become an accepted standard for a group and thus regulates individual behavior; 是一种已成为被公众接受的群体行为准则,而能约束个人行为的习惯性作法.
1.laws ....corrected,altered,and amended by acts of parliament and common usage.(William Blackstone).法律…通过议会的决议和普通接受的习俗而被更正、修改和修补.（威廉.布莱克斯通）
2.according to usage 依照惯例; by usage 习惯上
△ use & wont:They are terms for the customary and distinctive practice of an individual or a group; 他们是描述个人或群体习惯性的独特行为的用语.
1.Once a use,forever a custom.习惯成自然.
2.Situations where the use and wont of their fathers no longer meet their necessities.(J.A.Froude).他们父辈的习惯性作法无法解决他们的困难情况.（J.A.弗劳德）
△ habitude：Habitude refers to an individual's habitual disposition to behave in a certain way rather than to a specific act；指个人以某种方式行事的习惯性倾向而不是指某一个具体的行为.
1.His real habitude gave life and grace/to appertainings and to ornament.(Shakespeare).他的习惯是增添生机和光彩/对那些附属物和装饰物.（莎士比亚）