英语翻译It is well known that many underground movements set the

英语翻译
It is well known that many underground movements set themselves up as networks.News reports in the wake of the September 11,2001,attacks have repeatedly described al-Qaida and related Islamic terrorist groups as networks.But what is it about the network strategy that makes it so useful for underground groups?
The members of al-Qaida are organized into small cells,groups of five to twenty members,who communicate only with each other and often do not know the members of any other cell.Cells are linked through their connections to a few prominent members.The resulting network has densely connected groups that are linked to other groups only through their contacts,who do not move information between cells unless absolutely necessary.The result is a network of moderate density in which groups are relatively close to other groups in the network but do not directly relate to them.
For example,the cell in Madrid,Spain,that trained a number of the September 11 hijackers was led by a used-car salesman,Imad Yarkas,who had a Spanish wife and five children.Muhammed Zouaydi,the cell's financier,ran construction and real estate companies that funneled money from Islamic supporters to the cell.Other members of the cell had normal businesses such as carpentry shops and a ceramics factory.Members were recruited by Yarkas,and Yarkas and Zouaydi were the primary contacts to the larger al-Qaida organization.Occasionally higher-level cell members would meet with members of other cells to plan large-scale operations,like the September 11 attacks.However,for the most part the cell kept to itself.The members of the cell have cultivated very strong ties to one another-many had met one another years before in school or on the job-and interact with others outside the cell only on a more superficial level unconnected with the cell's mission,selling them cars,for example.
Networks made up of cells like the one in Madrid are very efficient communication mechanisms.The cells are linked by a number of central liaisons,and the number of links between any two cells is very small.So information about operations,attempts to capture the members of the network,and related issues moves very quickly from cell to cell.
Such a network is a remarkably resilient organization.If the members of one cell are captured or destroyed,the other cells can go on basically undisturbed.They are insulated because the members of other cells do not know them or what they are doing well enough to supply useful information.So,although the Madrid cell is now broken up,it is likely that there are other cells unknown to us going about their business.

众所周知,许多地下运动自己设置为网络.新闻报道在尾随的2001年9·11恐怖袭击已经反复地描述伊斯兰恐怖组织基地组织和相关网络.但是什么网络策略,所以才这么有用的地下组织?
基地组织的成员组织而成的小细胞,成群的五岁到二十成员,只有彼此交流,经常不知道任何其他细胞的成员.细胞是通过它们之间的联系几个突出的成员.由此产生的网络已错综复杂连接组织有关的其他团体只有通过他们之间的交往,他们不移动信息细胞之间除非绝对必要.结果是一个网络的适度密度在哪些组织相当的接近其他群体在网络,但并不直接与他们建立联系.
例如,细胞在马德里,西班牙,专门用来训练有一定数目的9 / 11劫机者率领Yarkas旧车推销员,Imad西班牙,他有一个妻子和五个孩子.穆罕默德Zouaydi,细胞的金融家,跑建设以及房地产公司成漏斗状钱从伊斯兰的支持者至细胞.细胞内的其他成员有正常的公司,如木工商店和一个陶瓷工厂.Yarkas成员被招募,Yarkas和Zouaydi是主接触到更大的“基地”组织的组织.偶尔高级成员成员将会接见细胞的其他细胞,如计划大规模作战的“9·11”恐怖袭击.然而,大部份的细胞保持本身.成员的细胞有很强的联系,培养了一another-many相遇了数年前在学校或在担任——因此与他人互动细胞外只有在一个更肤浅表象而不与细胞的使命,向他们销售的汽车,例如.
网络由细胞组成的就像在马德里非常高效的沟通机制.这些细胞是有联系的一系列的中央私通,而且这个数目的任何两个细胞之间的联系是非常小的.这样的信息,尝试用行动的成员移动网络,以及相关问题很快从细胞的细胞.
这样一个网络都是一个相当有弹性的组织.如果成员的一个细胞被俘获或遭到破坏时,这个其他细胞可以基本上不受外界干扰.因为它们都作了隔热处理其他细胞的成员不知道他们或他们所做得够好、能提供有用的信息.因此,虽然马德里电池现在已经分手了,很可能有其他的细胞不为我们所知去了解对方的事情.