在英语中what和where分别用于什么提问?

在英语中what和where分别用于什么提问?

what用法
一、用作疑问代词或疑问形容词,引导特殊疑问句
这是what的最基本用法.例如：What is your mother? 此时,它与疑问词which有所区别：what表示泛指,意思是“什么”；which具有选择性并有范围的规定,表示“哪个人”或“哪个物”.如：Which book is yours, this one or that one?
二、用作关系代词,引导名词性从句
在这里,what既可指代人（相当于the person/persons that …）,意思是“所．．．．．．的人”,也可指代物（相当于the thing/things that …）,表示“所．．．．．．的事物”.例如：What we need is more money.
需要注意以下两点：（１）what引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数取决于what所指代内容是单数还是复数.（２）what引导宾主从句时,其结构相当于一个名词短语.
三、用于固定结构“What is the +抽象名词”
此时,what有“多少”的含义,例如：What is the population of China? (=How many people are there in China?)
四、用作语气词,表示感叹,意为“多么、何等”
例如：Ｗhat happy children! (=How happy the children are!)
五、用作连词,含义和作用类似as much as、the degree that等
例如：The number of the students in our school is five times what it was ten years ago.
六、和ever组成合成词whatever
表示“无论．．．．．．”、“不管．．．．．．”,相当于“no matter what…”,例如：Whatever you want to do, do it well.
此外,在中语中,whatever可以替代what,但语气较强烈,有“究竟”、“到底”的意思.
七、用于插入语中
what用于插入语,形成的固定句型有what’s more、what’s worse、what’s better等.例如：He is a tractor driver, what’s more, a good sportsman.
八、用作副词
此时,what表示“在哪一方面”、“到什么程度”.例如：What does it benefit us? /What does it matter?
九、用作感叹词
what在这里表示惊讶、气愤等,意思是“什么”.在英语口语中,what也常用在句尾,有“是不是”、“不是吗”的意思.例如：What, do you really mean it? It’s a good film, what?
十、在英美口语中,what通常用来构成一些固定结构
例如：What about…? / So what? / What’s happening? / What next?
where用法
用法1】 where用作疑问副词, 在(往、从)哪里, 在什么地方:
Where are you? 你在哪儿?
Where did you get the computer (form)? 你从哪儿弄到这台电脑的?
Where did you study medicine? 你从哪儿学的医?
【用法2】where用作连接副词, 引导下列从句：
Where bees are, there is honey. 〔状语从句〕哪儿有蜜蜂哪儿就有蜜.
I’m going to do what I like and go where I like. 〔状语从句〕我要做我想做的事,去我想去的地方.
I wonder where she lives. 〔宾语从句〕我想知道她住在哪里.
It’s really no business of yours where I spend my summer. 〔主语从句〕
我真不知道她去哪儿了.
I really have no idea where she has gone.〔同位语从句〕我真不知道她去哪儿了.
The problem is where we should put the vase. 〔表语从句〕问题是我们把花瓶放在哪里呢.
【用法3】where用作关系副词,引导定语从句:
England is one of the few countries where (=in which) people drive on the left. 英国是少数沿左侧开车的国家之一.
We then moved to Paris, where we lived for six years. 我们后来搬到巴黎,在那里住了六年.
【用法4】where用于引申意义:
Where will all this trouble lead? ( =What result will it have? ) 这件麻烦的事会惹出什么结果?
The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in.危机已经到达非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步.
Where others are weak, he is strong. 别人的弱点正是他的优势.
Where the money is, there’s the power. 有钱就有势.
Can you succeed where others failed? 别人干砸的事情, 你能干成吗?
【用法5】where引导名词性从句,相当于the place （point）where：
A bird had settled on a tree close to where I was standing. 鸟儿栖息在离我站的地方很近的一棵树上.
That’s where the battle took place. 那儿就是那场战役发生的地方.
The car is where you parked it. 车子还在你停放的地方.
That’s where we differ. 这就是我们的分歧所在.
That’s just where we basically disagree with him. 这就是我们同他的根本分歧点.
This is where we help each other. 我们就在这方面互相帮助.
That’s where you are wrong. 你错就错在这儿.