to,for,of,an,the,at,有什么用法,具体点

to,for,of,an,the,at,有什么用法,具体点

【介词"to"的用法总结】
一：表示相对,针对
be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to
Air is indispensable to life.
Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.
This injection will make you immune to infection
二：表示对比,比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较,如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior
The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.
2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词,如equal,similar,equivalent,analogous
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词,如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory
Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.
4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:
World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.
Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如:
The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.
Many people prefer spending money to earning money.
They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.
5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三:表示修饰关系
1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,
solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter
2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path
the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.
The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
4:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress
advisor to the Prime Minister
5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.
Everyone has an equal right to ……..
6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress
7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.
8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,
guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.
You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.
六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to
He still holds on to his original views.
七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to
He’s confined to the house by illness.
He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.
八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to
Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.
十:表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to
The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.
The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.
十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to
I aim to be an excellent college teacher.
His conceit lead to his failure.
These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises
十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,
All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.
十三:表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.
The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.
十四:表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to
He is determined to devote all his life to his.
十五:表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to
The church dates back to the 13th century.
十六:表示方位概念.如:close to,next to
I don’t like wool next to my skin.
十七:表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,
He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute.
十八:表示有关注,关于:as to,with regard to
十九:表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,
We should attach primary importance to job training.
二十:表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to
According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.
The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.
二十一:表示应该或必须含义的句式,如:
It’s time to get up.
We are supposed to get here at seven.
It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.
二十二：表示相关联,相连接,如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.
People often linked walth to happiness.
二十三：表示反对和赞同.
1：to引导的表示反对,抗拒,对抗意义的词组.Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.
They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.
2:to引导的表示同意,赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,
The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整,使符合,使适应的含义,如：adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.
Your action should conform to the interests of the people.
They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.
His words doesn’t fit to his actions.
Suit your writing style to the masses.
3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.
The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.
He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.
We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.
【介词"for"的用法总结】
1. 表示“当作、作为”.如:
I like some bread and milk for breakfast. 我喜欢把面包和牛奶作为早餐.
What will we have for supper? 我们晚餐吃什么?
2. 表示理由或原因,意为“因为、由于”.如:
Thank you for helping me with my English. 谢谢你帮我学习英语.
Thank you for your last letter. 谢谢你上次的来信.
Thank you for teaching us so well. 感谢你如此尽心地教我们.
3. 表示动作的对象或接受者,意为“给……”、“对…… (而言)”.如:
Let me pick it up for you. 让我为你捡起来.
Watching TV too much is bad for your health. 看电视太多有害于你的健康.
4. 表示时间、距离,意为“计、达”.如:
I usually do the running for an hour in the morning. 我早晨通常跑步一小时.
We will stay there for two days. 我们将在那里逗留两天.
5. 表示去向、目的,意为“向、往、取、买”等.如:
Let’s go for a walk. 我们出去散步吧.
I came here for my schoolbag.我来这儿取书包.
I paid twenty yuan for the dictionary. 我花了20元买这本词典.

6. 表示所属关系或用途,意为“为、适于……的”.如:
It’s time for school. 到上学的时间了.
Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信.

7. 表示“支持、赞成”.如:
Are you for this plan or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个计划?

8. 用于一些固定搭配中.如:
Who are you waiting for? 你在等谁?
For example, Mr Green is a kind teacher. 比如,格林先生是一位心地善良的老师.
【介词"of"的用法总结】
1: 表示剥夺,除去
deprive sb. of his right 剥夺某人的权力(人身自由)
denude sb. of his possession (hope) 掠夺他的财产(希望/土地)
divest the baby of his clothes 脱孩子的衣服
rid him of this fear; rob sb. of his wallet 使他摆脱恐惧;抢他的钱包
defraud sb. of gold ring 诈骗某人的金戒指
cure sb. of cancer; heal sb. of cancer 治愈某人的癌症疾病
purify the nation clean the jar of crust 清洗罐子的外壁
clarify the river of flowing rubbish 清除河里的浮游垃圾
--get rid of, rid of, dispose of 去掉,除去,处理
"OF" 之前的是名词或人称代词,强调主体在前.你可以好好捉摸一下.
2: of接直接宾语,以下都是固定用法.不管是口语还是书面语都可以用到.
-告诉-tell sb. of sth.,inform sb. of sth ,warn sb. of fire
告诉某人什么事,通知某人什么事,警告某人着火了
remind sb. of his duties, acquaint sb. of sth.,notify of..
提醒某人做某事,通知某人做某事,通报某人什么事
-其他,劝服-persuade sb. of honesty, assure sb. of the best seats, convince sb. of sth.
劝说某人要诚实,确保某人得到最好的座位,使某人信服什么事
-法律词汇-accuse sb. of burglary ; convict sb. of murder; suspect sb. of a theft
控告某人入室行窃;证明某人是凶手;怀疑某人是小偷
-reassure his wife of his safe arrival
反复向他的妻子保证,他会安全抵达.
3: of接间接宾语, 就是把宾语放在OF之前,英语中就这样写,但中文翻译还得再翻译回来,就是强调重点不一样,写法也不一样.
request sth. of sb., expect sth. of sb., require sth. of
sb.-要求某人做某事,期待某人做某事,命令某人做某事
ask a question of sb. ,向某人问什么;
be fearful of mistakes, be jealous of wealthy persons ,
be reminiscent of his past, be patient of the enormous
noise ,be guilty of robbery, be innocent of robbery 这些都是BE动词的OF短语,要求记下来.比如,害怕犯错误,嫉妒别人的财富,回忆往事,容忍巨大的噪音,犯有抢劫罪,无抢劫罪
4: of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等
He is of Irish descend (ascent) 他是爱尔兰人的后代
People of obscure origin (humble /noble)不好区分人们的出身(卑贱的人/贵族)
Man of keen perception, 泛指男人有敏锐的理解力
a man of moral integrity,特指一个男人的道德水平高
5: 固定词组
-say of, tale of, hear of, think of, learn of, savor of
The room smells of stale cabbage.这个房间到处弥漫着烂卷心菜的臭味.
-brag of his achievements.自夸他自己的成就
Boast of his children.炫耀自己的孩子
beware of pickpockets ,approve of the program
小心扒手, 满意这个节目
doubt of success, complain of poor management
怀疑某人的成功, 因管理不善而投诉
-be sure of ,be suspicious of, be aware of
确信某事, 怀疑某事,意识到某事
be confident of ,be proud of ,be ashamed of
有信心作某事,自豪作某事,感到惭愧
be afraid of, be capable of, be lack of
害怕做某事, 能够做某事,缺少什么
be critical of, be shortly of, be conscious of
不满什么,缺乏什么,知道什么
be ignorant of, be wary of, be cautious of
不知道什么, 提防什么,谨慎什么
be appreciative of your advice 感激某人的建议
-regardless of , irrespective of ,不管….无视
in favor of 有利于
decide on three most popular leisure activities
irrespective of age. 不考虑实际年龄,还是决定去参与三项最流行的休闲活动.(例如老年人都已经80岁了,还是决定参加攀岩,跳伞,潜水这些年轻人最流行的休闲方式.)
【冠词"a,an"的用法总结】
a用于辅音前;an用于元音前.一般说来,元音字母发元音,辅音字母发辅音,但需请注意以下3点:

1. 拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词 hour, honest, honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用an.可熟记下面这句话: An hour ago, an honest man accepted an honorable task. (一小时前,一位诚实的人接受了一项光荣的任务.)
2. 拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词 useful, university, usual, European, united, one-eyed, one-way等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以辅音开头,因此,前面要用a.
3. 英文字母前用a还是用an的问题 在26个英文字母中,a, e, i, o, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x等12个字母的读音是以元音开头的,其余字母则是以辅音开头的