英语翻译Decision makers must have some way of determining which

英语翻译
Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several altenatives is best -that is,which conteibutse the most to the achievement of organizational goals.An organizational goal is an end or a state of affairs the organization seeks to reach.Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals,the best choice may depend on who makes the decision.Frequently,departments or units within an organization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger organization.Called suboptimization,this is a trade-off that increases the advantages to one unit or function but decreases the advantages to another unit or function.For example,the marketing manager may argue effectively for an increased advertising budget.In the Iarger scheme of things,however,increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization.
There trade-offs occur because there are many objectives that organizations wish to attain simultaneously.Some of these objectives are more important than others,but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department.Different managers define the same problem in different terms.Whtn presented with a common case,sales managers tend to see sales problems,production managers see production problems,and so on.

决策者必须有某种方式的确定,其中的几个altenatives是最好的是,这conteibutse最有利于实现组织目标.一个组织的目标是1月底或一个国家的事务,该组织旨在达成.因为个人（和组织）经常有不同的想法有关如何实现这些目标,最好的选择可能取决于谁的决定.频繁,部门或单位在一个组织内作出决定,认为是好的,为他们个别,但少于最适用于规模较大的组织.所谓suboptimization ,这是一个贸易小康,增加了优势,一个单位或功能,但录得跌幅的优势,到另一个单位或功能.举例来说,营销经理可能会说,有效地增加广告预算.在iarger计划的东西,但是,增加研究经费,以改善产品可能会更有利于该组织.
有贸易帐出现,因为有很多的目标,组织希望达到的同时.一些这些目标是更重要的比其他人,但秩序和重要程度往往有所不同形式的人际和部门.不同的经理人界定同样的问题在不同的条款.whtn提交了一份共同的情况下,销售经理往往看到的销售问题,生产经理见的生产问题,等等.