翻译英文文章In a sense,successful business is a sign of good manag

翻译英文文章
In a sense,successful business is a sign of good management. Management is the process of planning,oranizing,directing and controlling of all the activities in an enterprise.Planning is to get an organization from where it is now to where it is in the future.In planning,managers must set objectives and develop strategies and tactics fir reaching these objectives.Organizing is to divide up the work to be done and develop a structure to see that the work is completed.Oranizing includes such issues as deciding who handles which job,who reports to whom,and how information is channeled.Oranizing requires coordination to make sure that people are not working at crosspurpose.Directing is to achieve organizational objectives by motivating and guiding subordinates. It is important at the supervisory level,but it is much more than just ordering or commanding.Proper directing includes understanding human behavior at work.Communication,motivation,and leadership are important areas for the manager in directing.Controlling is a procedure for measuring performance against objuctives.It deals with the question:Did what was supposed to happen really happen?Why or why not?The need for control springs from the inherent imperfection of things and people----things that are planned do not happen

从某种意义上说,成功的商业活动是好的管理的一种标志.管理即企业活动过程,即计划、组织、指导,控制.计划决定企业目前以及将来的状况.管理者必须设立目标,制定战略以及达到目标所采取的措施.组织是指细化需要完成的工作,制定完成工作的结构.组织包括决定由谁执行哪项工作,向谁汇报,信息如何传达等等.组织要求人员之间的协调,确保不背道而驰.指导是指通过激发、引导下属,完成既定目标.管理水平很重要,这不止是仅仅下达命令或指挥.正确的指导包括理解工作中的人类行为.管理者在指导过程中的沟通,激励,领导能力非常重要.控制是根据目标衡量绩效的一种程序,是处理问题的方法：哪些假设发生的确实发生了?原因何在?需要控制源于事情和人的内在缺陷——计划的事情不会发生.