英语翻译Unit 5 hydroelectric power plantsHydroelectricity,or hyd

英语翻译
Unit 5 hydroelectric power plants
Hydroelectricity,or hydroelectric power ,is a form of hydropower that uses the energy released as a result of water falling,or flowing downhill or by wave-differences,under the influence of gravity to produce electricity .specifically ,the mechanical energy of the flowing or waving water is converted to electrical energy by a water turbine and generator.Hydroelectric power is usually generated at dams or other places where water descends from a height like coasts with a high tides difference .hydroelectricity is a renewable energy source ,since the water that flows in rivers has come from precipitation such as rain or snow and waves in the sea ,or even ocean ,are moon related.
The energy that may be extracted from water depends not only on the volume but on the difference in height between the water impoundment and the water outflow .this height difference is called the head .the amount of potential energy in water is directly proportional to the head .for this reason ,it is advantageous to build as high as possible to produce the maximum electrical energy .
The mechanical power of falling water is an age-old tool .of all the renewable energy sources that generate electricity ,hydropower is the most often used .it is one of the oldest sources of energy and was used thousands of years ago to turn a paddle wheel for purposes such as grinding grain .in the 1700’s ,mechanical hydropower was used extensively for milling and pumping .
The first industrial use of hydropower to generate electricity occurred in 1880.the first u.s.hydroelectric power plant opened on the Fox River near Appleton ,Wisconsin ,on September 30,1882.until that time,coal was the only fuel used to produce electricity .the early hydroelectric plants were direct current stations built to power arc and incandescent lighting during the period from about 1880 to 1895 .because the source of hydro power is water ,hydroelectric plants must be located on a water source .therefore ,it wasn’t until the technology to transmit electricity over long distances was developed that hydropower became widely used .by the early 1900’s ,hydroelectric power accounted for more than 40 percent of the united states’ supply of electricity .the years 1895 through 1915 saw rapid changes occur in hydroelectric design and a wide variety of plant styles built .hydroelectric plant design became fairly well standardized after World War I with most development in the 1920’s and 190’s being related to thermal plants and transmission and distribution .

单元5水力发电厂
    水力发电,或水力发电,水电是一种形式,使用,结果掉下水,或流动下坡或波释放的能量,不同重力下的影响,以产生电力.具体地说,机械能的流动或挥舞着的水转换为电能由水轮机和发电机.水力发电通常是在水坝或其他地方产生的中水像其他地方有所不同涨潮海岸的高度.降临水电是一种可再生能源,因为水在河流流量已到,如雨或雪的降水波海,甚至海洋,是月亮相关.
而可能从水中提取能量不仅取决于数量,而是在与蓄水和流出的水的高度差.这个高度差称为头.在水中潜在的能源量是成正比的头部由于这个原因.,它有利于建立尽可能产生最大的电力能源高.
      减少水的机械动力,是一个古老的工具,所有的可再生能源.是发电,水电是最常用的.它是最古老的能源来源之一,是用几千年前把桨车轮的用途,例如磨粒在1700年,机械水力发电.被大量用于加工和抽水.
第一个工业用水电发电第一次发生在我们1880.the水力发电厂附近开了阿普尔顿,威斯康星州,福克斯河9月30,1882.在此之前,煤炭是唯一的燃料用于发电.建成权力弧和白炽灯约1880年期间在1895年早期的水力发电厂的直流电站.由于水电来源是水,水电站必须则位于水源.因此,直到技术不传输长距离电力也发展水电被广泛使用的1900年代初期.,水电比重超过40美国的电力供应量.通过1915年1895年获得了迅速的变化发生在水电站的设计和建造的植物风格多变.水电站设计变得相当好标准化第一次世界大战后,大多数发展1920年和190的可能有关的火电厂和输配电.