作业帮辨别引导疑问的单词
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/22 14:16:05
which和that , if和whether
解题思路： 如下
解题过程：
关系代词that和which都可以指物，在很多场合两者都通用。但有时that和which的使用场合并不相同。
（一）关系代词which的使用场合
1．如果先行词是that，关系代词应用 which。如：
What was that which you said about him ？
2．先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔，用which较好。如：
I have some interests outside my professional work which gives me great pleasure．
3．一个句子中如有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句用了关系代词that，第二个从句宜用which。如：
This is the book that you bought which you have lost．
但在平行结构中，应重复同一个关系代词。如：
I have a house which is located on the hillside，which faces the south．
4．非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用which。如：
I will buy a book，which tells about the use of English idioms．
5．相当于并列句和状语从句的定语从句，用which引导。如：
1）We went to the nearest port which we reached safely．
2）He persisted in having a bicycle which he actually had no use for．
6．关系代词前如有介词，关系代词要用 which。如：
They had a meeting at which he spoke on the current econom ic situation．
如把介词移至句末，可用that（或省略）。如：
This is the book（that）she was looking for．
（二）关系代词that的使用场合
1．一般说来，先行词是all，anything，everything，nothing，much，little，few等，关系代词应用that。如：
1）That's all（that）I know．
2）Everything that can be done is done．
2．先行词之前有all，any，every，no，lit- tle，m uch，only，very等修饰时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）He'll read all the books that are sold here．
2）Ask any questions（that）you don't understand．
3．先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）This is the most wonderful film that I have ever seen．
2）The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan．
4．当先行词是to be的表语，或关系代词本身是从句的表语时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）It's a song that is very popular．
2）My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be．
5．当主句以There be开头时，关系代词应用that。如：
There is a seat in the corner that is still free．
6．当一个句子中含有两个定语从句时，如前一个已用关系代词which，后一个关系代词宜用that。如：
I'll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles
against the invaders．
但两个定语从句的结构如果平行，一个定语从句中用关系代词that，另一个定语从句也应重复that。如：
He told me to read a book that is very short，and that is vey interesting．
if和whether都可译为"是否"，二者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换，口语
中多用if代替whether。
例如：Ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting.
而以下几种情况中, 只能用whether:
1. 强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。如：
Let me know whether you can come or not.
2. 宾语从句前置时。如：
Whether this is true, I can't say.
3. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如：
Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （主语从句）
The question is whether he can do it. （表语从句）
The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. （同位语从句）
4. 在介词之后作介词的宾语时。如：
I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home.
5. 在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。如：
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
6. 在discuss, decide 等动词后作宾语时。如：\
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.
值得注意的是： if还可以引导条件状语从句，是"假如；如果"之意，
而whether可以引导让步状语从句，是"不管；无论" 之意。如：
If you ask him, he will help you.
I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home.
最终答案：略
解题过程：
关系代词that和which都可以指物，在很多场合两者都通用。但有时that和which的使用场合并不相同。
（一）关系代词which的使用场合
1．如果先行词是that，关系代词应用 which。如：
What was that which you said about him ？
2．先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔，用which较好。如：
I have some interests outside my professional work which gives me great pleasure．
3．一个句子中如有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句用了关系代词that，第二个从句宜用which。如：
This is the book that you bought which you have lost．
但在平行结构中，应重复同一个关系代词。如：
I have a house which is located on the hillside，which faces the south．
4．非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用which。如：
I will buy a book，which tells about the use of English idioms．
5．相当于并列句和状语从句的定语从句，用which引导。如：
1）We went to the nearest port which we reached safely．
2）He persisted in having a bicycle which he actually had no use for．
6．关系代词前如有介词，关系代词要用 which。如：
They had a meeting at which he spoke on the current econom ic situation．
如把介词移至句末，可用that（或省略）。如：
This is the book（that）she was looking for．
（二）关系代词that的使用场合
1．一般说来，先行词是all，anything，everything，nothing，much，little，few等，关系代词应用that。如：
1）That's all（that）I know．
2）Everything that can be done is done．
2．先行词之前有all，any，every，no，lit- tle，m uch，only，very等修饰时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）He'll read all the books that are sold here．
2）Ask any questions（that）you don't understand．
3．先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）This is the most wonderful film that I have ever seen．
2）The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan．
4．当先行词是to be的表语，或关系代词本身是从句的表语时，关系代词应用that。如：
1）It's a song that is very popular．
2）My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be．
5．当主句以There be开头时，关系代词应用that。如：
There is a seat in the corner that is still free．
6．当一个句子中含有两个定语从句时，如前一个已用关系代词which，后一个关系代词宜用that。如：
I'll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles
against the invaders．
但两个定语从句的结构如果平行，一个定语从句中用关系代词that，另一个定语从句也应重复that。如：
He told me to read a book that is very short，and that is vey interesting．
if和whether都可译为"是否"，二者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换，口语
中多用if代替whether。
例如：Ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting.
而以下几种情况中, 只能用whether:
1. 强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。如：
Let me know whether you can come or not.
2. 宾语从句前置时。如：
Whether this is true, I can't say.
3. 引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如：
Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （主语从句）
The question is whether he can do it. （表语从句）
The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. （同位语从句）
4. 在介词之后作介词的宾语时。如：
I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home.
5. 在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。如：
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
6. 在discuss, decide 等动词后作宾语时。如：\
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.
值得注意的是： if还可以引导条件状语从句，是"假如；如果"之意，
而whether可以引导让步状语从句，是"不管；无论" 之意。如：
If you ask him, he will help you.
I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home.
最终答案：略