作业帮怎样区分一个句子用副词还是形容词?
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/05/29 03:24:12
怎样区分一个句子用副词还是形容词?
最近老师出了几百道关于副词和形容词的选择题.一筹莫展啊.
最近老师出了几百道关于副词和形容词的选择题.一筹莫展啊.
1、形容词的句法功能与位置
形容词修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态,在句子中主要用作定语、表语、补足语、状语等.
1）用作定语
形容词作定语时,有时要前置,有是要后置.大体有以下几种情况：
（1）大多数的单个形容词作前置定语,它总是在限定词之后,如：
This is an interesting story book.
The old man was too weak to take his usual walk.
（2）当形容词本身带有较长后置修饰语时,这些形容词短语要后置.如：
It is a problem difficult to solve.(这是个难解决的问题.)
He has a house larger than yours.(他有一座比你大的房子.)
There was only one man capable of lending him 200 pounds.(只有一个人能借给他200英镑.)
（3）当被修饰的词是合成不定代词时,形容词要后置.如：
There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.
Why don’t you read something easier?
(4)同表示数量的词组连用时,形容词要放在名词之后.如：
They dug a canal 3 meters deep and 10 meters wide.(他们挖了一条3米深、10米宽的的水道.)
This is a river two hundred miles long.
(5)由and / or 连接的并列形容词有时后置.如：
He suggested a method both economical and practical.（他提出了一个既经济又切实可行的方法.）
All men ,rich or poor, are equal before law.(所有的人,不论贫富,在法律面前是平等的.)
（6）enough作定语时,既可前置,又可后置.如：
They took enough food / food enough to last them a week.(他们带了够一个星期吃的食物.)
Are there enough desks / desks enough for all the students?
(7)一些表语形容词用作定语时,只能后置.常见的这类形容词有：alive, awake, asleep, present等.如：
He is the only man alive / awake.(他是唯一活着/醒着的人.)
All the people present got up to leave.(所有到场的人都起身走了.)
（8）几个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,通常按下列顺序排列：限定词——描绘性形容词——大小——形状——年龄——颜色——国籍——原料——用途——名词中心词.如：
There is a huge round wooden table in the room.(房间里有一张大的圆木桌.)
Here are some beautiful fresh white roses.(这儿有一些漂亮新鲜的白玫瑰.)
It is a tall gray Victorian building.(这是一座高大的维多利亚时期的灰色建筑.)
2.用作表语
形容词作表语要用在连系动词之后.常见的连系动词有：appear, be, become, feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, prove, remain, seen, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等.如：
The weather is getting quite warm.(天气变的相当暖和.)
The old man went mad.(那位老人疯了.)
It seems probable that I’ll be sent abroad next year.(看来我明年有可能被派往国外.)
其中有些感官的连系动词,如feel,sound,taste,smell,其后跟形容词作表语,它们表示“（东西）给人某种感觉”,这是用主动形式表示被动意义.如：
This sheet feels wet .(这床单摸起来是湿的.)
The dinner smells good.( 这饭菜味道很香.)
我们还要注意,英语中有些形容词是以— ly 结尾,我们容易把它们误认为是副词,如lovely(可爱的),lonely(孤独的),lively(活泼的),friendly(爱好的),orderly(有序的),motherly（母亲般的）等.如：
She looks lovely.(她看起来很可爱.)
They have been friendly with each other for many years.
3)用作宾词补足语
形容词作宾词补足语,一般紧跟着宾语后,它与宾词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.如：
Toothache kept me awake the whole night.(牙疼使我彻底未眠.)
I’ve never seen you so cheerful.
I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn.
4)用作状语
形容词作状语,表示意义上的增补,和句子的主语的逻辑上的主谓关系,它可以放在句子前面,也可放在句子后部,间或插在主语后面.如：
Greatly interested, I asked him how he played the new instrument .(大感兴趣之下,我问他这新乐器怎么弹.)
She girl, surprised at the sight, didn’t know what to say.(那姑娘看到这景象很是吃惊,不知道说什么好.)
作句子状语（或称独立成分）的形容词,多放在句子前头.如：
Strange to say, no one was hurt.(说也奇怪,没有人受伤.)
He may be late. Worse still, he may not come at all.(他可能会迟到.更糟糕的是,他可能压根儿就不来了.)
2.副词的句法功能与位置
副词按其词汇意义和句法功能,可分为下列几种：1)方式副词（如warmly, quickly, gladly等）；2）程度副词（如almost, nearly, completely等）；3）时间副词（如already, soon, today等）；4）频度副词（如always, never, often等）；5）地点副词（如here, anywhere, above等）；6）疑问副词（如where, when, how, why等）；7）关系副词（如where, when, why等）；8）连接副词（如therefore, however, otherwise等）.副词的作用主要是作状语,有时用来作定语、表语、宾词补足语等.
1）用作状语
副词作状语,用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词,或者修饰整个句子.它们的位置有下面几种：
（1）地点副词、方式副词和多数的时间副词放在所修饰动词的后面,或放在句末（宾词或状语之后）.如：
I remember having seen him somewhere.
They received the visitor coldly.
They will fly to Shanghai tomorrow.
(2)频度副词通常放在实义动词前面；如果句子中有助动词或动词be,则放在这些动词后面.如：
I seldom got a chance to read .(我很少得到看书的机会.)
She is always thinking of others .
Our monitor is always the first to come to class.
(3)修饰形容词和副词的程序副词,一般放在被修饰之前.如：
We were very lucky to find you here.
Can you explain it more simply?
程度副词enough 要放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之后.如：
It’s warm enough to swim today.
He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train.
(4)疑问副词、连接副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的开头.如：
Where did you study medicine?
I’ll tell you why you have to study Enlist grammar.
Luckily, she was in when I called.
Surprisingly ,she has married again.
其他一些副词特别强调时,也可放在句首.如：
Recently I haven’t been feeling very well.(最近我感到身体不大舒服.)
Indoors it was nice and warm.(室内非常暖和舒服.)
Usually I’m very careful.(通常我是非常小心的.)
2)用作定语
副词（主要是地点副词和时间副词）作用定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后.如：
The meeting yesterday lasted more than three hours.
Life here is full of joy.(室内非常暖和舒服.)
On my way home, I met groups of Young Pioneers.
We had to get off and take the bus behind.(我们只得下车,换乘后面的巴士.)
形容词修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态,在句子中主要用作定语、表语、补足语、状语等.
1）用作定语
形容词作定语时,有时要前置,有是要后置.大体有以下几种情况：
（1）大多数的单个形容词作前置定语,它总是在限定词之后,如：
This is an interesting story book.
The old man was too weak to take his usual walk.
（2）当形容词本身带有较长后置修饰语时,这些形容词短语要后置.如：
It is a problem difficult to solve.(这是个难解决的问题.)
He has a house larger than yours.(他有一座比你大的房子.)
There was only one man capable of lending him 200 pounds.(只有一个人能借给他200英镑.)
（3）当被修饰的词是合成不定代词时,形容词要后置.如：
There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper.
Why don’t you read something easier?
(4)同表示数量的词组连用时,形容词要放在名词之后.如：
They dug a canal 3 meters deep and 10 meters wide.(他们挖了一条3米深、10米宽的的水道.)
This is a river two hundred miles long.
(5)由and / or 连接的并列形容词有时后置.如：
He suggested a method both economical and practical.（他提出了一个既经济又切实可行的方法.）
All men ,rich or poor, are equal before law.(所有的人,不论贫富,在法律面前是平等的.)
（6）enough作定语时,既可前置,又可后置.如：
They took enough food / food enough to last them a week.(他们带了够一个星期吃的食物.)
Are there enough desks / desks enough for all the students?
(7)一些表语形容词用作定语时,只能后置.常见的这类形容词有：alive, awake, asleep, present等.如：
He is the only man alive / awake.(他是唯一活着/醒着的人.)
All the people present got up to leave.(所有到场的人都起身走了.)
（8）几个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,通常按下列顺序排列：限定词——描绘性形容词——大小——形状——年龄——颜色——国籍——原料——用途——名词中心词.如：
There is a huge round wooden table in the room.(房间里有一张大的圆木桌.)
Here are some beautiful fresh white roses.(这儿有一些漂亮新鲜的白玫瑰.)
It is a tall gray Victorian building.(这是一座高大的维多利亚时期的灰色建筑.)
2.用作表语
形容词作表语要用在连系动词之后.常见的连系动词有：appear, be, become, feel, get, go, grow, keep, look, prove, remain, seen, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等.如：
The weather is getting quite warm.(天气变的相当暖和.)
The old man went mad.(那位老人疯了.)
It seems probable that I’ll be sent abroad next year.(看来我明年有可能被派往国外.)
其中有些感官的连系动词,如feel,sound,taste,smell,其后跟形容词作表语,它们表示“（东西）给人某种感觉”,这是用主动形式表示被动意义.如：
This sheet feels wet .(这床单摸起来是湿的.)
The dinner smells good.( 这饭菜味道很香.)
我们还要注意,英语中有些形容词是以— ly 结尾,我们容易把它们误认为是副词,如lovely(可爱的),lonely(孤独的),lively(活泼的),friendly(爱好的),orderly(有序的),motherly（母亲般的）等.如：
She looks lovely.(她看起来很可爱.)
They have been friendly with each other for many years.
3)用作宾词补足语
形容词作宾词补足语,一般紧跟着宾语后,它与宾词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系.如：
Toothache kept me awake the whole night.(牙疼使我彻底未眠.)
I’ve never seen you so cheerful.
I find idioms and useful expressions hard to learn.
4)用作状语
形容词作状语,表示意义上的增补,和句子的主语的逻辑上的主谓关系,它可以放在句子前面,也可放在句子后部,间或插在主语后面.如：
Greatly interested, I asked him how he played the new instrument .(大感兴趣之下,我问他这新乐器怎么弹.)
She girl, surprised at the sight, didn’t know what to say.(那姑娘看到这景象很是吃惊,不知道说什么好.)
作句子状语（或称独立成分）的形容词,多放在句子前头.如：
Strange to say, no one was hurt.(说也奇怪,没有人受伤.)
He may be late. Worse still, he may not come at all.(他可能会迟到.更糟糕的是,他可能压根儿就不来了.)
2.副词的句法功能与位置
副词按其词汇意义和句法功能,可分为下列几种：1)方式副词（如warmly, quickly, gladly等）；2）程度副词（如almost, nearly, completely等）；3）时间副词（如already, soon, today等）；4）频度副词（如always, never, often等）；5）地点副词（如here, anywhere, above等）；6）疑问副词（如where, when, how, why等）；7）关系副词（如where, when, why等）；8）连接副词（如therefore, however, otherwise等）.副词的作用主要是作状语,有时用来作定语、表语、宾词补足语等.
1）用作状语
副词作状语,用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词,或者修饰整个句子.它们的位置有下面几种：
（1）地点副词、方式副词和多数的时间副词放在所修饰动词的后面,或放在句末（宾词或状语之后）.如：
I remember having seen him somewhere.
They received the visitor coldly.
They will fly to Shanghai tomorrow.
(2)频度副词通常放在实义动词前面；如果句子中有助动词或动词be,则放在这些动词后面.如：
I seldom got a chance to read .(我很少得到看书的机会.)
She is always thinking of others .
Our monitor is always the first to come to class.
(3)修饰形容词和副词的程序副词,一般放在被修饰之前.如：
We were very lucky to find you here.
Can you explain it more simply?
程度副词enough 要放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之后.如：
It’s warm enough to swim today.
He didn’t run fast enough to catch the train.
(4)疑问副词、连接副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的开头.如：
Where did you study medicine?
I’ll tell you why you have to study Enlist grammar.
Luckily, she was in when I called.
Surprisingly ,she has married again.
其他一些副词特别强调时,也可放在句首.如：
Recently I haven’t been feeling very well.(最近我感到身体不大舒服.)
Indoors it was nice and warm.(室内非常暖和舒服.)
Usually I’m very careful.(通常我是非常小心的.)
2)用作定语
副词（主要是地点副词和时间副词）作用定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后.如：
The meeting yesterday lasted more than three hours.
Life here is full of joy.(室内非常暖和舒服.)
On my way home, I met groups of Young Pioneers.
We had to get off and take the bus behind.(我们只得下车,换乘后面的巴士.)